Nursing Elites

1. Which of the basic elements of the writing process should be completed before the first draft is written?

• A. Prewriting
• B. Revising
• C. Conferencing
• D. Editing

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Prewriting.' Prewriting is the initial stage of the writing process where ideas are brainstormed, organized, and outlined before starting the first draft. This step involves activities such as researching, outlining, and planning the structure and content of the writing. Revising (Choice B), conferencing (Choice C), and editing (Choice D) are all important stages in the writing process, but they come after the initial prewriting phase. Revising involves making changes to the content, structure, and organization of the draft; conferencing involves getting feedback from peers or instructors; and editing focuses on correcting grammar, punctuation, and formatting errors. Therefore, prewriting is crucial as it lays the foundation for a successful writing process.

2. First and foremost, they receive an annual pension payment. T has been reviewed and changed a number of times, most recently to reflect the salary of a high-level government executive. Which of the following would NOT be an acceptable way to revise and combine the underlined portion of the sentences above?

• A. annual pension payment, the amount of which
• B. annual pension payment; the amount of the pension
• C. annual pension payment; over the years since 1958, the amount of the pension
• D. annual pension payment, the amount of the pension.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Option C is the correct answer because it disrupts the flow of the sentence and introduces unnecessary information. The phrase 'over the years since 1958' is irrelevant in this context and does not contribute to the intended meaning of the sentence. The sentence is focused on the recent changes to the pension, not its historical evolution. Choices A, B, and D provide clear and concise ways to revise and combine the underlined portion of the sentences, maintaining a logical and relevant sentence structure.

3. According to the prefix 'intra-,' which of the following is the best definition of the word 'intravenous'?

• A. Across veins
• B. Between veins
• C. Within veins
• D. Outside veins

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The prefix 'intra-' means 'within,' so 'intravenous' refers to something within veins. Choice A, 'Across veins,' is incorrect as 'intra-' does not indicate movement across but within. Choice B, 'Between veins,' is incorrect because 'intra-' does not imply a relationship between two separate veins. Choice D, 'Outside veins,' is incorrect as 'intra-' signifies something inside or within, not outside.

4. What is the most effective way to ensure clarity and conciseness in your writing?

• A. Using complex sentence structures and passive voice.
• B. Avoiding unnecessary repetition and redundant words.
• C. Replacing simple words with more sophisticated synonyms.
• D. Adding flowery introductions and lengthy conclusions.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The most effective way to ensure clarity and conciseness in writing is by avoiding unnecessary repetition and redundant words. This approach helps in eliminating verbosity and getting straight to the point, making the writing more effective and easier to understand. Using active voice and straightforward language contributes to clarity and ensures the message is conveyed directly and clearly to the reader. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because using complex sentence structures and passive voice (A) can lead to confusion and lack of clarity, replacing simple words with more sophisticated synonyms (C) may introduce unnecessary complexity, and adding flowery introductions and lengthy conclusions (D) can detract from the main message and make the writing less concise.

5. Write a research report about a national park in the United States that is experiencing threats.

• A. Florida's Everglades National Park is threatened with a rising sea level as restoration efforts lag.
• B. The Grand Canyon is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in Arizona, United States.
• C. Every year someone falls over the edge of Going-to-the-Sun Road at Glacier National Park.
• D. My visit to Acadia National Park last summer was one of the most interesting trips I've ever taken.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Choice A is the correct answer as it directly addresses the writing prompt by focusing on a specific threat faced by a national park in the United States, which is the rising sea level affecting Florida's Everglades National Park. This choice provides a clear thesis statement for a research report on the topic. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Choice B provides general information about the Grand Canyon but does not discuss any threats it is facing. Choice C is not relevant to the prompt as it talks about accidents on a specific highway within Glacier National Park rather than broader threats to the park itself. Choice D is about a personal experience at Acadia National Park and does not address any threats the park may be experiencing.

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