which nutrient is most critical for preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy

ATI LPN

ATI Proctored Community Health

1. Which nutrient is most critical for preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy?

A. Iron
B. Calcium
C. Folic acid
D. Vitamin D

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Folic acid is the most critical nutrient for preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy. Neural tube defects are serious birth defects of the brain and spinal cord. Adequate intake of folic acid before and during early pregnancy can significantly reduce the risk of these defects. Iron, calcium, and vitamin D are important nutrients during pregnancy for other reasons, such as supporting the increased demands on the body for blood production, bone health, and calcium absorption, respectively.

2. What is the primary focus of community health nursing?

A. Individual patient care
B. Hospital-based care
C. Community-wide health promotion and disease prevention
D. Specialized medical treatment

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Community health nursing primarily concentrates on promoting health and preventing diseases within the community. It involves working with the community as a whole to improve health outcomes and prevent illnesses through education, interventions, and collaborations. This approach differs from individual patient care, hospital-based services, or specialized medical treatments, as it aims to enhance the well-being of the entire community by addressing broader health issues and promoting preventive measures.

3. The Sentrong Sigla Movement aims to enhance health service delivery. Which of the following statements is true about this movement?

A. It is a project jointly led by the Department of Health and local government units
B. It serves as a means to secure additional funding from local government units
C. It promotes disease prevention and control as a priority for health centers
D. Its primary approach involves certifying health centers meeting DOH standards

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The Sentrong Sigla Movement is a collaborative effort between the Department of Health (DOH) and local government units. Its primary strategy is the certification of health centers that meet the standards established by the DOH. This certification process ensures that health centers provide quality services and comply with the set guidelines, ultimately improving the overall health service delivery in the region.

4. In immunization, which of the following measures is considered the most effective in controlling the occurrence of diseases?

A. Immunization coverage
B. Cold chain
C. Potency of vaccines
D. Health education

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Immunization coverage is the proportion of the target population that has been immunized. To control the occurrence of diseases effectively, it is crucial that a high percentage of the population is immunized. This not only protects individuals but also helps in achieving herd immunity, reducing the spread of diseases within the community. Therefore, ensuring high immunization coverage is a key strategy in disease prevention and control.

5. Which vaccine leaves a permanent scar at the site of injection?

A. BCG
B. DPT
C. Hepatitis B vaccine
D. Measles vaccine

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The BCG vaccine, which is used for tuberculosis, is known to leave a permanent scar at the site of injection. This distinctive scar formation is one of the characteristic features of receiving the BCG vaccine and is used as a marker of vaccination in some regions.