Nursing Elites

1. What is the function of the sinuses?

• A. To trap many airborne pathogens
• B. To direct air down the trachea rather than the esophagus
• C. To warm, humidify, and filter air
• D. To sweep away pathogens and direct them toward the top of the trachea

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct function of the sinuses is to warm, humidify, and filter the air we breathe. Sinuses play a crucial role in preparing the air for the respiratory system by adding moisture, warmth, and filtering out particles. Choice A is incorrect because while sinuses can help filter some particles, their primary function is not to trap pathogens. Choice B is incorrect as the sinuses do not control the direction of air down the trachea; this is regulated by the epiglottis and vocal cords. Choice D is incorrect as sinuses do not sweep pathogens away or direct them towards the trachea; instead, they condition the air for respiration.

2. Which of the following best describes the function of synergists?

• A. They assist primary movers in completing specific movements
• B. They stabilize the point of origin and provide extra pull near the insertion
• C. They help prevent unwanted movement at a joint
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Synergists play multiple roles in muscle function. They assist primary movers in completing specific movements by working together with them. Additionally, synergists help stabilize the point of origin and provide extra pull near the insertion, contributing to the efficiency of movement. Furthermore, they also help prevent unwanted movement at a joint by ensuring that the intended motion is executed smoothly. Therefore, all the statements in the answer choices accurately describe the functions of synergists, making 'All of the above' the most comprehensive and precise description of their role.

3. What is the primary function of nervous tissue?

• A. Movement
• B. Protection
• C. Communication and coordination
• D. Nutrient transport

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary function of nervous tissue is communication and coordination within the body. Nervous tissue is composed of neurons that transmit electrical signals and supporting cells known as neuroglia. Movement is primarily controlled by the muscular system, protection is mainly provided by the skeletal system and immune system, and nutrient transport is carried out by the circulatory system. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the primary function of nervous tissue.

4. What is the temperature of 35°C in Kelvin?

• A. 220
• B. 238
• C. 308
• D. 345

Correct answer: C

Rationale: To convert Celsius to Kelvin, add 273.15 to the Celsius temperature. In this case, 35°C + 273.15 = 308.15 K. Therefore, the correct answer is 308 K. Choice A (220) is incorrect as it does not account for adding 273.15 to convert to Kelvin. Choice B (238) is incorrect as it is not the result of adding 273.15 to 35°C. Choice D (345) is incorrect as it is not the correct conversion of 35°C to Kelvin.

5. Why is the simple columnar epithelium lining the small intestine crucial?

• A. Movement
• B. Support
• C. Absorption
• D. Insulation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The simple columnar epithelium lining the small intestine is crucial for absorption. This type of epithelium is specialized for absorption due to its tall and closely packed cells, which increase the surface area available for nutrient absorption. The primary function of the small intestine is to absorb nutrients from digested food, and the simple columnar epithelium's structure aids in this process by providing a large surface area for absorption. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because movement, support, and insulation are not primary functions associated with the simple columnar epithelium in the small intestine. While these functions are essential in other tissues or organs, absorption is the key role of the simple columnar epithelium in the small intestine.

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