ATI TEAS 7
TEAS 7 science practice
1. What is the coefficient of oxygen in the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of methane (CH₄)?
- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. 3
- D. 4
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of methane, CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O, the coefficient of oxygen (O₂) is 2. This indicates that two molecules of oxygen are required to react with one molecule of methane to produce carbon dioxide and water, ensuring the equation is balanced. Choice A is incorrect because the coefficient of oxygen is not 1 but 2. Choices C and D are incorrect as they do not represent the correct coefficient of oxygen in the balanced equation. Understanding the coefficients in a balanced chemical equation is crucial for accurately representing the stoichiometry of the reaction.
2. What is the role of the diaphragm in the respiratory system?
- A. To regulate blood pressure
- B. To contract and expand the lungs
- C. To produce red blood cells
- D. To absorb oxygen
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To contract and expand the lungs. The diaphragm plays a crucial role in the respiratory system by contracting and expanding the lungs. When it contracts, it flattens, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and causing air to be drawn into the lungs. Conversely, when it relaxes, it moves back up, decreasing the thoracic cavity volume and pushing air out of the lungs. This process is essential for breathing and the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. The diaphragm is not involved in regulating blood pressure, producing red blood cells, or absorbing oxygen. Its primary function is to aid in respiration by facilitating breathing through its contraction and relaxation movements.
3. Which of the following is a strong base commonly used in cleaning products?
- A. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
- B. Ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH)
- C. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
- D. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base commonly used in cleaning products due to its effectiveness in breaking down grease and fats. It is known for its corrosive properties and is commonly found in drain cleaners and oven cleaners. While ammonium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide are also bases, they are not as strong as sodium hydroxide and are not as commonly used in cleaning products. Ammonium hydroxide is more commonly found in household cleaning products for its disinfectant properties, calcium hydroxide is used in agriculture and construction, and potassium hydroxide is often used in industries like soap manufacturing and biodiesel production.
4. What is the structure surrounding and protecting the testes, maintaining the optimal temperature for sperm production?
- A. Epididymis
- B. Vas deferens
- C. Scrotum
- D. Prostate gland
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The scrotum is the structure that surrounds and protects the testes. It plays a vital role in maintaining an optimal temperature for sperm production by adjusting the distance of the testes from the body to regulate the effects of external temperature changes. This mechanism helps to safeguard the viability and quality of sperm by ensuring they develop at the right temperature. The epididymis (Choice A) is a coiled tube where sperm mature and are stored, not the structure surrounding the testes. The vas deferens (Choice B) is a duct that carries sperm from the testes to the urethra, not the protective structure around the testes. The prostate gland (Choice D) is part of the male reproductive system, responsible for secreting fluids that nourish and protect sperm, but it is not the structure that surrounds and protects the testes for sperm production.
5. How are sister chromatids distinguished from homologous chromosomes in meiosis I?
- A. Sister chromatids share the same centromere, while homologous chromosomes have different centromeres.
- B. Sister chromatids have identical DNA sequences, while homologous chromosomes have slightly different sequences due to crossing over.
- C. Sister chromatids repel each other, while homologous chromosomes attract each other during synapsis.
- D. Sister chromatids separate during anaphase I, while homologous chromosomes separate during anaphase II.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In meiosis I, sister chromatids are exact copies of each other, containing identical DNA sequences. On the other hand, homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes, with one inherited from each parent, and they can have different versions of genes due to genetic recombination during crossing over in prophase I. Choice A is incorrect because homologous chromosomes naturally have different centromeres. Choice C is incorrect as sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes do not exhibit repulsion or attraction during synapsis. Choice D is incorrect as sister chromatids separate during anaphase II, not anaphase I, while homologous chromosomes separate during anaphase I.
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