Nursing Elites

1. Tissues are groups of cells with similar:

• A. Appearance only
• B. Function and structure
• C. Location only
• D. Age only

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform a specific function. They have similar structures that enable them to carry out their specialized functions effectively. Therefore, tissues are defined by both their function and structure, making option B the correct choice. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because tissues are not solely defined by their appearance, location, or age, but rather by the shared function and structure of the cells within them.

2. A large geographic area characterized by similar climate, plants, and animals is called a:

• A. Population
• B. Community
• C. Biome
• D. Ecosystem

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A) Population refers to a group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area. B) Community refers to all the populations of different species living and interacting in a particular area. C) Biome is a large geographic area characterized by similar climate, plants, and animals. Biomes are defined by factors such as temperature, precipitation, and vegetation types. D) Ecosystem refers to a community of living organisms interacting with each other and their physical environment. An ecosystem can be part of a biome.

3. Which property of a substance resists a change in its shape?

• A. Density
• B. Mass
• C. Inertia
• D. Elasticity

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Elasticity refers to a material's ability to resist deformation and return to its original shape after stress is applied. It is the property that resists a change in shape. Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance. Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion. Viscosity, not mentioned in the question, is the resistance of a fluid to flow, not shape change.

4. In ecology, what defines a closed system?

• A. Exchanges energy but not matter
• B. Exchanges both energy and matter
• C. Exchanges neither energy nor matter
• D. Recycles nutrients efficiently

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In ecology, a closed system is one that does not exchange matter with its surroundings but can exchange energy. This means that while energy can enter or leave the system, the amount of matter within the system remains constant. Option A correctly defines a closed system in ecology. Choices B and C are incorrect as a closed system does not exchange matter or energy. Option D is unrelated to the concept of a closed system in ecology.

5. Where does mRNA translation typically occur?

• A. On the ribosome
• B. In the nucleus
• C. In the cytoplasm
• D. On the smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Correct answer: A

Rationale: mRNA translation typically occurs on the ribosome. Ribosomes are the cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis. They read the mRNA sequence and assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain during translation. The correct answer is A. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. The nucleus is where mRNA is transcribed from DNA, while translation occurs in the cytoplasm on ribosomes. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein processing and transport but not in mRNA translation.

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