Nursing Elites

1. On what basis does the U.S. healthcare system operate?

• A. Healthcare is a basic right provided to all equally.
• B. Ability to pay determines access to care.
• C. Only the rich are entitled to healthcare.
• D. Health insurance is required to obtain care.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. In the U.S., the healthcare system operates on a model where access to healthcare services is largely determined by an individual's ability to pay for care. This means that those with more financial resources have greater access to a wider range of healthcare services, while those with limited financial means may face barriers to accessing necessary care. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because healthcare in the U.S. is not universally provided as a basic right to all equally, it is not exclusively for the rich, and while health insurance is common, it is not the sole determinant of access to care.

2. What type of knowledge does the student gain in the pathophysiology classroom?

• A. Aesthetic
• B. Empirical
• C. Ethical
• D. Personal

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In the pathophysiology classroom, students gain empirical knowledge. This type of knowledge is based on scientific evidence and facts related to the physiological processes of diseases. Choice A (Aesthetic) pertains to beauty and artistic appreciation, which is not relevant in this context. Choice C (Ethical) relates to moral principles and conduct, which is not the primary focus of pathophysiology. Choice D (Personal) refers to information based on one's experiences or opinions, which is subjective and not the type of knowledge emphasized in a pathophysiology classroom.

3. What motivates a nurse to perform tasks, whether at work or off duty?

• A. Personal motivation
• B. Facility policies
• C. Fear of reprisals
• D. Parental expectations

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Personal motivation is the driving force behind a nurse's actions, influencing their decisions and behaviors both during work hours and while off duty. It is an internal drive that compels them to act in a certain way, regardless of external factors such as facility policies, fear of reprisals, or parental expectations. While facility policies may guide their actions within the workplace, they do not address motivation. Fear of reprisals and parental expectations are external factors and are less likely to be the primary motivators for a nurse's actions.

4. If a nurse accepts the role of charge nurse on the evening shift, what effect will unionization have on the nurse's new position?

• A. The nurse can file a grievance that will be arbitrated automatically by the Union
• B. Charge nurse is part of the management team, so Union participation would be a conflict of interest
• C. The nurse is not eligible for collective bargaining activities dealing with unfair labor practices
• D. The nurse can be represented by the union because charge nurses are not considered part of the management team

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Choosing answer B is correct because charge nurses are typically considered part of the management team. As part of the management team, the charge nurse has decision-making responsibilities that align with the interests of the organization. Therefore, participating in a union would create a conflict of interest. Options A, C, and D are incorrect. Option A is incorrect because union arbitration is not typically applicable to management positions. Option C is incorrect because charge nurses, as part of the management team, would not be eligible for collective bargaining activities like frontline staff. Option D is incorrect because charge nurses, due to their managerial responsibilities, are generally not represented by unions for collective bargaining purposes.

5. How does the nurse apply Maslow's hierarchy of needs in care?

• A. Judging the patient's behavior
• B. Improving the skillfulness of care
• C. Understanding the patient's behavior
• D. Improving communication skills

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a framework that helps nurses understand the different levels of human needs and prioritize care accordingly. By applying this framework, nurses can better understand the patient's behavior in the context of their unmet needs. This understanding allows nurses to provide holistic and patient-centered care that addresses not just the physical but also the emotional, social, and psychological needs of the patient. Choice A is incorrect because applying Maslow's hierarchy is about understanding, not judging, the patient's behavior. Choice B is incorrect as it does not directly relate to the application of Maslow's hierarchy. Choice D is also incorrect as improving communication skills, although important, is not the primary focus when applying Maslow's hierarchy of needs in care.

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