Nursing Elites

1. What is the primary function of protein in the body?

• A. Provide energy.
• B. Regulate metabolic processes.
• C. Control muscle contractions.
• D. Build tissue.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The primary function of protein in the body is to build and repair tissues. Proteins are crucial for growth, maintenance, and repair of body tissues, including muscles, organs, and skin. While proteins can be a source of energy, their primary role is not to supply energy. Regulating metabolic processes and controlling muscle contractions are functions typically attributed to other nutrients and compounds in the body, such as vitamins and minerals.

2. What is the primary nutritional function of the large intestine?

• A. Absorption of fats.
• B. Excretion of waste products.
• C. Excretion of bacteria.
• D. Absorption of water.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Absorption of water. The primary nutritional function of the large intestine is to absorb water from the indigestible food residue that enters it from the small intestine. This absorption of water helps to form solid waste, which is then eliminated from the body. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the large intestine is not primarily responsible for the absorption of fats, excretion of waste products, or excretion of bacteria. While the large intestine does play a role in waste elimination and contains bacteria beneficial for digestion, its main function in terms of nutrition is the absorption of water.

3. What is the factor most likely to stimulate digestive secretions?

• A. Smelling or seeing food
• B. Grocery shopping
• C. Fasting
• D. Exercise

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Smelling or seeing food. When an individual smells or sees food, it can trigger the body to start producing digestive secretions in anticipation of food consumption. This physiological response helps prepare the digestive system for the incoming meal. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because grocery shopping, fasting, and exercise do not directly stimulate digestive secretions in the same way that the sight or smell of food does.

4. In addition to protein, which nutrients contribute to the building and repair of tissue?

• A. Vitamins
• B. Carbohydrates
• C. Fats
• D. Enzymes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vitamins. Vitamins play a crucial role in tissue building and repair along with protein. Carbohydrates (choice B) are primarily a source of energy and not directly involved in tissue building. Fats (choice C) are important for energy storage and insulation but are not the main contributors to tissue building. Enzymes (choice D) are biological catalysts and do not directly contribute to tissue building and repair.

5. How can cholesterol absorption be decreased?

• A. Vitamin K.
• B. Plant sterols.
• C. Trans fats.
• D. Phospholipids.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Plant sterols. Plant sterols can reduce cholesterol absorption by competing with cholesterol for absorption sites. Vitamin K, choice A, does not have a significant impact on cholesterol absorption. Trans fats, choice C, are known to increase cholesterol levels rather than decrease absorption. Phospholipids, choice D, play a role in cell structure and are not directly involved in reducing cholesterol absorption.

Similar Questions