Nursing Elites

1. How should a healthcare professional assess and manage a patient with a tracheostomy?

• A. Monitor for signs of infection and ensure airway patency
• B. Suction airway secretions and provide humidified air
• C. Inspect stoma site and clean with saline
• D. Provide education on tracheostomy care

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Correct answer: Monitoring for signs of infection and ensuring airway patency is crucial in managing a patient with a tracheostomy. This involves observing for redness, swelling, or discharge at the stoma site, as well as assessing for any signs of respiratory distress. Choice B, suctioning airway secretions and providing humidified air, is important for maintaining airway hygiene but may not be the initial assessment priority. Choice C, inspecting the stoma site and cleaning with saline, is part of routine tracheostomy care but does not address immediate assessment and management needs. Choice D, providing education on tracheostomy care, is valuable but not the primary action required in the assessment and management of a patient with a tracheostomy.

2. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has dumping syndrome about measures to reduce manifestations. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. Drink plenty of fluids after meals
• B. Increase sugar intake
• C. Eat smaller, more frequent meals
• D. Avoid foods high in sugar content

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct instruction the nurse should include in teaching a client with dumping syndrome is to 'Avoid foods high in sugar content.' Dumping syndrome occurs when high-sugar foods move too quickly into the small intestine, leading to symptoms like abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and bloating. By avoiding foods high in sugar content, the client can reduce these symptoms. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Drinking plenty of fluids after meals may exacerbate symptoms by speeding up the movement of food through the digestive system. Increasing sugar intake would worsen dumping syndrome symptoms. While eating smaller, more frequent meals is a good strategy, the key emphasis should be on avoiding high-sugar foods.

3. A client has expressive aphasia following a stroke. Which of the following methods should be used when communicating with the client?

• A. Speak slowly
• B. Provide written instructions
• C. Use a picture board
• D. Write on a whiteboard

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When communicating with a client who has expressive aphasia, using a picture board is an effective method as it provides an alternative means of communication. Option A, speaking slowly, may not improve understanding for someone with expressive aphasia. Option B, providing written instructions, may also be challenging for individuals with this condition. Option D, writing on a whiteboard, may not be as helpful as using a picture board in facilitating communication for a client with expressive aphasia.

4. What is the right to make one's own personal decisions, even though those decisions might not be in the person's best interest?

• A. Autonomy
• B. Non-maleficence
• C. Justice
• D. Beneficence

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Autonomy. Autonomy is the right to make one's own decisions, even if they may not be in the person's best interest. Autonomy emphasizes an individual's freedom to choose and act according to their own values and beliefs. Non-maleficence (B) refers to the principle of 'do no harm,' Justice (C) refers to fairness and equality in the distribution of resources or benefits, and Beneficence (D) refers to the obligation to do good and act in the patient's best interest.

5. A nurse is collecting data from a postpartum client who had a vaginal birth 2 days ago. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority to report to the provider?

• A. Bright red bleeding
• B. Burning with urination
• C. Headache
• D. Heavy lochia flow

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Burning with urination.' Burning with urination can indicate a urinary tract infection postpartum, which requires immediate attention to prevent complications. Bright red bleeding and heavy lochia flow are expected findings in the early postpartum period as the uterus continues to contract and expel lochia. A headache alone is not uncommon postpartum and is often attributed to hormonal changes, dehydration, or fatigue, and can be managed with adequate rest, hydration, and pain relief. Therefore, the priority here is to address the potential infection indicated by burning with urination.

Similar Questions