Nursing Elites

1. How does the amplitude of a wave relate to its intensity or loudness?

• A. They are inversely proportional.
• B. They are directly proportional.
• C. They have no relationship.
• D. Amplitude affects frequency, not intensity.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The amplitude of a wave is directly related to its intensity or loudness. In general, the larger the amplitude of a wave, the greater its intensity or loudness. This relationship is due to the fact that the amplitude of a wave represents the maximum displacement of particles in the medium from their rest position. The greater the displacement, the more energy the wave carries, leading to higher intensity or louder sound. Choice A is incorrect because the relationship between amplitude and intensity is direct, not inverse. Choice C is incorrect as there is a clear relationship between amplitude and intensity. Choice D is incorrect as amplitude primarily affects intensity or loudness, not frequency.

2. What is the term for a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a specific temperature and pressure?

• A. Saturated solution
• B. Unsaturated solution
• C. Dilute solution
• D. Concentrated solution

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A saturated solution is defined as a solution that has dissolved the maximum amount of solute possible at a specific temperature and pressure. In a saturated solution, any additional solute added will not dissolve, resulting in a visible precipitate. Choice B, unsaturated solution, refers to a solution where more solute can still be dissolved. Choices C and D, dilute solution and concentrated solution, do not specifically refer to the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at a given temperature and pressure, making them incorrect in this context.

3. What property of a wave determines its pitch in sound waves?

• A. Amplitude
• B. Frequency
• C. Wavelength
• D. Speed

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The pitch of a sound wave is determined by its frequency. Frequency is the number of cycles of a wave that occur in a given time period. Higher frequencies correspond to higher pitches, while lower frequencies correspond to lower pitches. Amplitude refers to the intensity or loudness of a sound wave, wavelength is the distance between two consecutive points in a wave, and speed is the rate at which a wave travels through a medium. Therefore, in sound waves, it is the frequency that primarily determines the pitch, making option B the correct answer.

4. In the reaction 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O, how many moles of oxygen are required to react completely with 4 moles of hydrogen?

• A. 1
• B. 2
• C. 3
• D. 4

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The balanced chemical equation indicates that 2 moles of H2 react with 1 mole of O2 to produce 2 moles of H2O. To determine how many moles of O2 are required to react with 4 moles of H2, you can use the mole ratio from the balanced equation: 2 moles of H2 react with 1 mole of O2. Therefore, to react completely with 4 moles of H2, you would need 2 moles of O2 (4 moles H2 ÷ 2 moles H2 per 1 mole O2). Hence, 2 moles of oxygen are required to react completely with 4 moles of hydrogen. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the correct stoichiometry as defined by the balanced chemical equation.

5. Adipose tissue, also known as fat, serves multiple functions. Which of these is NOT a function of adipose tissue?

• A. Insulation
• B. Energy storage
• C. Hormone production
• D. Muscle movement

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Adipose tissue serves multiple functions in the body, including insulation to regulate body temperature, energy storage in the form of triglycerides, and hormone production such as leptin and adiponectin. Adipose tissue does not directly participate in muscle movement. Muscle movement is primarily carried out by skeletal muscle tissue, which is responsible for voluntary movements and locomotion. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as adipose tissue is not involved in muscle movement.

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