Nursing Elites

1. Balance the chemical equation: C4H10 + O2 → CO2 + H2O. What is the coefficient for oxygen?

• A. 5
• B. 6
• C. 7
• D. 8

Correct answer: B

Rationale: To balance the chemical equation, we need to ensure that the number of each type of atom is the same on both sides of the equation. In this case, there are 10 oxygen atoms on the right side (5 in CO2 and 5 in H2O). To balance this, we need to add a coefficient of 6 in front of O2 on the left side, resulting in 6 O2 molecules. This change will give us a total of 12 oxygen atoms on both sides, making the equation balanced. Choice A (5) is incorrect because it does not account for all the oxygen atoms present in the products. Choices C (7) and D (8) are incorrect as they would result in an imbalance in the number of oxygen atoms on both sides of the equation.

2. Which part of the eye controls the amount of light that enters the eye?

• A. Cornea
• B. Iris
• C. Retina
• D. Lens

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The iris is the correct answer as it controls the amount of light that enters the eye by adjusting the size of the pupil. The cornea is responsible for focusing light onto the retina, the retina detects light at the back of the eye, and the lens helps in further focusing light onto the retina. The iris, through changing the size of the pupil, regulates the amount of light reaching the eye, making it the part that controls the entry of light.

3. What is the term for the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a specific temperature and pressure?

• A. Molarity
• B. Solubility
• C. Concentration
• D. Saturation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Solubility is the correct term for the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a specific temperature and pressure. Molarity is a measure of concentration, not the maximum amount that can dissolve. Concentration is a general term for the amount of solute present in a given amount of solvent. Saturation is related to solubility but specifically refers to a state where no more solute can be dissolved in the solvent.

4. Which of the following is most different from the others?

• A. Thyroid gland
• B. Stomach
• C. Intestines
• D. Pancreas

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, 'Stomach.' The stomach is an organ of the digestive system responsible for breaking down food through mechanical and chemical digestion. In contrast, the thyroid, intestines, and pancreas are glands. The thyroid gland regulates metabolism through hormone secretion, the intestines aid in digestion and nutrient absorption, and the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and hormones. Therefore, the stomach is functionally different from the other options as it is an organ involved in digestion, while the others are glands with specific secretory functions.

5. What is the main component of sweat?

• A. Urea
• B. Glucose
• C. Water
• D. Electrolytes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: - Sweat is primarily composed of water, making up the majority of its content. Water helps regulate body temperature by evaporating from the skin's surface, which cools the body down. - While sweat does contain small amounts of other substances like urea, glucose, and electrolytes, water is the main component that is secreted by sweat glands to help regulate body temperature during physical activity or in response to heat.

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