Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is NOT an appropriate treatment for an 18-year-old woman with severe vaginal bleeding?

• A. Covering the vagina with a trauma dressing.
• B. Administering high concentrations of oxygen.
• C. Placing sterile dressings into the vagina.
• D. Keeping her warm with blankets.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Placing sterile dressings into the vagina is not an appropriate treatment for severe vaginal bleeding. The correct approach involves applying pressure to the external vaginal area to control bleeding, covering the vagina with a trauma dressing to help with compression, administering high concentrations of oxygen to support oxygenation, and keeping the patient warm with blankets to prevent hypothermia. Placing sterile dressings into the vagina can introduce foreign material, increase the risk of infection, and obstruct proper wound management, making it an incorrect treatment option in this scenario.

2. What is a priority discharge instruction for a parent of a child experiencing the first episode of asthma?

• A. Asthma can be prevented by avoiding environmental and emotional triggers
• B. Asthma decreases the size of the airway causing distress
• C. Bronchodilators can cause tachycardia and restlessness
• D. If an attack occurs at home, the child should sit or stand

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Educating parents about avoiding triggers is a crucial part of managing asthma in children to prevent future asthma attacks. By identifying and minimizing exposure to triggers, parents can help reduce the risk of asthma exacerbations and improve the child's overall quality of life.

3. Which of the following statements regarding the length-based resuscitation tape measure is correct?

• A. The resuscitation tape estimates a child's weight based on his or her height.
• B. It is a reliable tool in children who are less than 5 years of age.
• C. The red end of the tape measure is placed at the top of the child's head.
• D. The tape measure can be used in children who weigh up to 75 pounds.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The length-based resuscitation tape measure is designed to estimate a child's weight based on their length and can be used for children weighing up to 75 pounds. It is a reliable tool for pediatric weight estimation in emergency situations.

4. When assessing a 5-year-old boy with major trauma, his blood pressure is 70/40 mm Hg, and his pulse rate is 140 beats/min and weak. The child's blood pressure:

• A. indicates decompensated shock.
• B. reflects adequate compensation.
• C. suggests increased intracranial pressure.
• D. is appropriate based on his age.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In a 5-year-old boy with major trauma, a blood pressure of 70/40 mm Hg and a pulse rate of 140 beats/min, and weak, indicate decompensated shock. This presentation signifies inadequate perfusion, leading to compensatory mechanisms being overwhelmed, resulting in decompensated shock. Choice B is incorrect as the vital signs suggest the body is unable to adequately compensate for the trauma. Choice C is incorrect as the vital signs are more indicative of shock rather than increased intracranial pressure. Choice D is incorrect as such low blood pressure is not appropriate for a child of this age and indicates a critical condition.

5. What should you do immediately upon delivery of a newborn's head?

• A. Suction the nose.
• B. Dry the face.
• C. Cover the eyes.
• D. Suction the mouth.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Upon delivery of a newborn's head, the priority is to clear the airway to ensure proper breathing. Suctioning the mouth takes precedence over suctioning the nose or other actions to prevent potential airway obstruction. Choice D is the correct answer as it addresses the immediate need to maintain a clear airway for the newborn. Choices A, B, and C are not the correct actions to take at this moment as they do not directly address the crucial need to establish a clear airway for the newborn.

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