Nursing Elites

1. After an advanced airway device has been inserted in a 6-month-old infant in cardiopulmonary arrest, you should deliver ventilations at a rate of:

• A. 10 to 12 breaths/min.
• B. 12 to 20 breaths/min.
• C. 6 to 8 breaths/min.
• D. 8 to 10 breaths/min.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The appropriate ventilation rate for an infant with an advanced airway is 8 to 10 breaths per minute.

2. The instructor is teaching a group of new mothers about infant care. Which statement indicates that further teaching is needed?

• A. I should put my baby to sleep on their back.
• B. I can give my baby water if they seem thirsty.
• C. Breastfeeding provides all the nutrients my baby needs.
• D. I should burp my baby after each feeding.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Newborns do not need additional water as breast milk or formula provides all the necessary hydration. Giving water to infants can be harmful and is not recommended as it can interfere with the balance of electrolytes in their bodies. Choice A is correct as placing babies on their back for sleep is the recommended safe sleeping position. Choice C is also correct as breastfeeding does provide all the essential nutrients for babies. Choice D is correct as burping the baby after each feeding helps prevent discomfort from trapped air.

3. A breastfeeding mother reports breast engorgement. The nurse advises her to:

• A. Increase the frequency of feedings
• B. Apply ice packs to the breasts
• C. Avoid breastfeeding until the pain subsides
• D. Use a breast pump to empty the breasts completely

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Breast engorgement occurs when the breasts become overfilled with milk. By increasing the frequency of feedings, the mother can ensure that her breasts are emptied regularly, helping to relieve the discomfort associated with engorgement. This advice promotes effective milk removal and prevents further accumulation, which can worsen the condition. Applying ice packs may provide temporary relief, but it does not address the underlying issue of milk accumulation. Avoiding breastfeeding can lead to further engorgement and potential complications. Using a breast pump to empty the breasts completely may be necessary in some cases, but increasing the frequency of feedings is the initial and most appropriate intervention to manage breast engorgement.

4. Use this scenario to answer questions 70 to 72. Madam KK brought her two-month-old sick child to your facility. She complains that the child is having a fever, fast breathing, and is not eating anything. Using the IMNCI, what will be the steps to manage this child?

• A. i. Provide practical treatment instructions
• B. ii. Triage based on the severity of illness
• C. iii. Perform a head-to-toe assessment
• D. iv. Identify specific treatments

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To manage the sick child using IMNCI, the correct steps are as follows: Triage based on the severity of illness, Perform a head-to-toe assessment, Identify specific treatments, Provide practical treatment instructions, and Assess feeding while providing counseling. The correct answer, 'D,' focuses on identifying specific treatments, which is crucial in addressing the child's condition effectively. Choice A ('Provide practical treatment instructions') is not the initial step and should come after identifying specific treatments. Choice B ('Triage based on the severity of illness') and Choice C ('Perform a head-to-toe assessment') are essential steps but should follow the identification of specific treatments in the IMNCI approach.

5. Where is the most appropriate location to perform a procedure on a preschooler?

• A. Perform the procedure in the child's hospital bed.
• B. Perform the procedure in the treatment room.
• C. Allow the child to decide when the procedure will be performed.
• D. Ask the parents to help restrain the child so the procedure can be performed.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When performing a procedure on a preschooler, it is most appropriate to do so in the treatment room. This setting is specifically designed to provide a suitable environment with necessary equipment and resources to ensure the procedure is carried out safely and efficiently. It helps minimize distractions and provides a controlled environment for healthcare providers to focus on the child's needs. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because performing the procedure in the child's hospital bed may lack the necessary resources and equipment, allowing the child to decide when the procedure will be performed may not be feasible due to medical necessity and urgency, and asking parents to help restrain the child is not ideal as it may not provide a professional and controlled setting for the procedure.

Similar Questions