Nursing Elites

1. A patient requires a 30% decrease in the dosage of their medication. Their current dosage is 340 mg. What will their dosage be after the decrease?

• A. 70 mg
• B. 238 mg
• C. 270 mg
• D. 340 mg

Correct answer: B

Rationale: To calculate a 30% decrease in 340 mg, you multiply 340 by 0.3, which equals 102 mg. Subtracting this from the current dosage gives 340 - 102 = 238 mg. Therefore, the correct answer is 238 mg. Choice A (70 mg) is incorrect because it represents a 70% decrease, not 30%. Choice C (270 mg) is incorrect as it does not reflect the correct calculation for a 30% decrease. Choice D (340 mg) is the initial dosage and not the reduced dosage after a 30% decrease.

2. Which measure for the center of a small sample set would be most affected by outliers?

• A. Mean
• B. Median
• C. Mode
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The mean is calculated by summing all values in a dataset and then dividing by the total number of values. Outliers, which are data points significantly different from the other values, can greatly impact the mean because they affect the sum. The mean is sensitive to extreme values, making it the measure for the center of a small sample set most affected by outliers. The median, on the other hand, is not influenced by outliers as it represents the middle value when the data points are ordered. The mode is the value that appears most frequently in the dataset and is not directly influenced by outliers. Therefore, the correct answer is the mean, as it is highly influenced by outliers in a small sample set.

3. Which of the following best describes the relationship in this set of data?

• A. High positive correlation
• B. Low positive correlation
• C. Low negative correlation
• D. No correlation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: Low positive correlation.' In a low positive correlation, the variables tend to increase together, but the relationship is not strong. This description fits the data set provided. Choice A, 'High positive correlation,' is incorrect because the correlation is not strong. Choice C, 'Low negative correlation,' is incorrect as the variables are not decreasing together. Choice D, 'No correlation,' is incorrect because there is a relationship between the variables, albeit weak.

4. Three friends are sharing a burger. One friend eats a quarter of the burger. The other two friends equally divide the rest among themselves. What portion of the burger did each of the other two friends receive?

• A. 6-Jan
• B. 4-Jan
• C. 4-Mar
• D. 8-Mar

Correct answer: D

Rationale: After one friend eats a quarter of the burger, 3/4 of the burger remains. Dividing this equally between the other two friends means each receives 3/8 of the whole burger. Therefore, the correct answer is 8-Mar. Choice A (6-Jan), Choice B (4-Jan), and Choice C (4-Mar) are incorrect as they do not accurately represent the portion each of the other two friends receives after one friend consumes a quarter of the burger.

5. What is a quotient?

• A. The result of dividing two numbers
• B. The result of multiplying two numbers
• C. The number left after subtraction
• D. The number remaining after a division

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A quotient is the result of dividing one number by another. Choice A is correct because it accurately defines a quotient as the outcome of a division operation. Choice B is incorrect because it describes the result of multiplying two numbers, not dividing them. Choice C is incorrect because it refers to the remainder of a subtraction operation, not a division. Choice D is incorrect because it mentions the number remaining after a division, which is typically referred to as the remainder and not the quotient.

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