Nursing Elites

1. A 10 kg box rests on a frictionless surface. A horizontal force of 20 N is applied to the box. What is the box's acceleration?

• A. 0.5 m/s²
• B. 1 m/s²
• C. 2 m/s²
• D. 10 m/s²

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The acceleration of an object is given by the formula \(a = \frac{F}{m}\), where \(F\) is the net force acting on the object and \(m\) is the mass of the object. In this case, the net force acting on the box is 20 N, and the mass of the box is 10 kg. Plugging these values into the formula, we get \(a = \frac{20}{10} = 2\) m/s².

2. Which of the following organs is responsible for producing digestive enzymes?

• A. Liver
• B. Pancreas
• C. Gallbladder
• D. Esophagus

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is the Pancreas. The pancreas is an organ that produces digestive enzymes to aid in the breakdown of food in the small intestine. These enzymes play a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients from the food we eat. The liver is responsible for producing bile, not digestive enzymes. The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver, which aids in the digestion of fats. The esophagus is a muscular tube that helps in the movement of food from the mouth to the stomach and does not produce digestive enzymes.

3. What is the independent variable in the botanist's experiment?

• A. Temperature
• B. Root tissue
• C. Light exposure
• D. Root length

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In an experiment, the independent variable is the factor that is deliberately manipulated or changed by the researcher. The botanist is likely altering the temperature to observe its effect on the plants. Therefore, temperature is the independent variable in the botanist's experiment. Choice B, root tissue, is not the independent variable as it is not the factor being intentionally changed in the experiment. Choice C, light exposure, and choice D, root length, are also not the independent variables as they are not the factors being purposely manipulated by the researcher in this scenario.

4. Which of the following is a weak acid commonly found in citrus fruits?

• A. Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)
• B. Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
• C. Citric acid
• D. Nitric acid (HNO₃)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Citric acid is a weak acid commonly found in citrus fruits like lemons, oranges, and limes. It is responsible for the sour taste in these fruits. Sulfuric acid (option A), hydrochloric acid (option B), and nitric acid (option D) are all strong acids that are typically used in laboratory settings and industrial processes, not naturally found in citrus fruits. Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

5. How can bacteria acquire new genetic material from their environment?

• A. Transformation
• B. Transduction
• C. Conjugation
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A) Transformation: Transformation is the process by which bacteria can take up free DNA from their environment and incorporate it into their own genome, leading to the acquisition of new genetic material and traits. B) Transduction: Transduction involves the transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another by a bacteriophage, a virus that infects bacteria. The bacteriophage carries bacterial DNA from one host cell to another, facilitating the transfer of genetic material. C) Conjugation: Conjugation is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria where genetic material is transferred between two bacterial cells in direct contact. This transfer is facilitated by a conjugative plasmid carrying the genetic information. Therefore, all the processes mentioned (transformation, transduction, and conjugation) are ways in which bacteria can acquire new genetic material from their environment.

Similar Questions