Nursing Elites

1. What is the most important factor in ensuring accessibility in reproductive health services?

• A. Ensuring that primary health care (PHC) services are available within a reasonable distance.
• B. Requiring patients to access multiple services to get the care they need.
• C. Providing reproductive health services only to those who can afford it.
• D. Providing health services only in urban areas.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ensuring that primary health care (PHC) services are available within a reasonable distance. Accessibility in reproductive health services is crucial for ensuring that individuals can easily access the care they need. Option B is incorrect because requiring patients to access multiple services can create barriers to care. Option C is incorrect as accessibility should not be limited based on financial means. Option D is incorrect because healthcare services should be available in both urban and rural areas to reach a wider population.

2. Through which arteries does the blood supply to the external genitalia primarily occur?

• A. Femoral arteries
• B. Inguinal arteries
• C. Pudendal arteries
• D. Internal iliac arteries

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pudendal arteries. The pudendal arteries are responsible for supplying blood to the external genitalia. These arteries specifically provide blood flow to the perineum, including the external genitalia. Choice A, Femoral arteries, are not primarily responsible for supplying blood to the external genitalia. Choice B, Inguinal arteries, do not supply blood directly to the external genitalia. Choice D, Internal iliac arteries, are not the main suppliers of blood to the external genitalia.

3. What type of tissue lines the testes?

• A. Glandular tissue.
• B. Squamous epithelium.
• C. Transitional epithelium.
• D. Stratified epithelium.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Glandular tissue. The testes are lined with seminiferous tubules, which contain germ cells and Sertoli cells that are involved in sperm production. These cells are part of the glandular tissue that makes up the testes. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because squamous, transitional, and stratified epithelium are not typically found lining the testes. Squamous epithelium is a type of epithelial tissue found in areas like the skin, transitional epithelium lines organs like the bladder, and stratified epithelium is present in structures like the skin and esophagus.

4. What is the most common cause of abortion in Zambia?

• A. Tuberculosis
• B. HIV
• C. Ascariasis
• D. Malaria

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Malaria is the most common cause of abortion in Zambia due to its significant impact on maternal health. Malaria can lead to severe complications during pregnancy, increasing the risk of spontaneous abortion. Tuberculosis (Choice A), HIV (Choice B), and Ascariasis (Choice C) are serious health conditions, but they are not typically identified as the primary cause of abortion in Zambia as malaria.

5. Which animal is an ovoviviparous animal?

• A. Basking shark
• B. Bonobo
• C. Blue shark
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is the Blue shark. Ovoviviparous animals produce eggs that develop inside the body of the parent, and the offspring are born alive. The basking shark does not fall under this category as it is ovoviviparous, meaning it lays eggs that hatch inside the female's body. The bonobo is a separate species and not relevant to the question.

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