HESI RN
Community Health HESI
1. When assessing the health of a community, what is the most important information for the nurse to obtain?
- A. life expectancy of community members
- B. mortality rates in the community
- C. description of health problems by community leaders
- D. expressed needs of community members
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The most important information for a nurse to obtain when assessing the health of a community is the expressed needs of community members. This information helps in tailoring health interventions to address specific concerns directly expressed by the community. Options A and B focus on statistical data rather than individual needs. Option C, while valuable, may not always capture the full spectrum of health issues faced by the community as perceived by the residents themselves.
2. The nurse is planning an immunization campaign targeting the children of migrant farm workers in the community. Which data should the nurse review before exploring solution options when developing this program plan?
- A. uncertain risks
- B. potential outcomes
- C. priority of solutions
- D. target population data
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Correct. Before designing an immunization campaign for the children of migrant farm workers, the nurse should review target population data. This includes understanding the specific demographics, health needs, and challenges faced by this population to create a tailored and effective program. Reviewing uncertain risks (choice A) may not provide actionable insights for program development. Considering potential outcomes (choice B) is important but comes after understanding the target population. Evaluating the priority of solutions (choice C) is premature without knowing the specific characteristics and needs of the target population.
3. During a home visit, the nurse finds that an elderly client has multiple expired medications. What should the nurse do first?
- A. instruct the client to dispose of the expired medications
- B. review the client's current medication regimen
- C. contact the client's healthcare provider
- D. educate the client on the dangers of taking expired medications
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse to take when finding multiple expired medications in an elderly client's home is to review the client's current medication regimen. This step is crucial to identify any potential issues, ensure the client is taking the correct medications, and understand why the expired medications were not used. Instructing the client to dispose of the expired medications (Choice A) can come after understanding the current medication situation. Contacting the client's healthcare provider (Choice C) may be necessary but reviewing the medication regimen should be the initial step. Educating the client on the dangers of taking expired medications (Choice D) is important but should be done after addressing the immediate concern of reviewing the current medications.
4. A public health nurse is developing a campaign to promote breast cancer screening. Which population should be the primary target of this campaign?
- A. women aged 20-30
- B. women aged 30-40
- C. women aged 40-50
- D. women aged 50-60
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is women aged 40-50. This age group is at an increased risk for breast cancer and should be the primary target for screening campaigns. Women in this age range are more likely to benefit from regular screening as early detection can lead to better outcomes. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because women aged 20-30 are generally not recommended for routine screening due to their lower risk, women aged 30-40 have a moderate risk but are not the primary target group, and women aged 50-60 should still be screened but targeting the 40-50 age group is more crucial for early detection and intervention.
5. A client with a history of diabetes mellitus is admitted with hypoglycemia. Which finding requires immediate intervention?
- A. Blood glucose of 60 mg/dL.
- B. Heart rate of 100 beats per minute.
- C. Tremors.
- D. Diaphoresis.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In a client with a history of diabetes mellitus admitted with hypoglycemia, the finding that requires immediate intervention is tremors. Tremors can indicate severe hypoglycemia, which needs prompt attention to prevent complications such as seizures or loss of consciousness. While a blood glucose level of 60 mg/dL is low, the presence of tremors signifies a more urgent situation. A heart rate of 100 beats per minute and diaphoresis are common physiological responses to hypoglycemia and do not necessarily require immediate intervention unless other severe symptoms are present.
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