HESI RN
Maternity HESI 2023 Quizlet
1. The healthcare provider notes on the fetal monitor that a laboring client has a variable deceleration. Which action should the healthcare provider implement first?
- A. Assess cervical dilation.
- B. Change the client's position.
- C. Administer oxygen via facemask.
- D. Turn off the oxytocin infusion.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Changing the client's position is the priority intervention for variable decelerations as it can relieve pressure on the umbilical cord, potentially resolving the deceleration and improving fetal oxygenation. Assessing cervical dilation, administering oxygen via facemask, and turning off the oxytocin infusion are important interventions but addressing the fetal distress caused by variable decelerations takes precedence.
2. The nurse is caring for a postpartum client who is complaining of severe pain and a feeling of pressure in her perineum. Her fundus is firm, and she has a moderate lochial flow. On inspection, the nurse finds that a perineal hematoma is beginning to form. Which assessment finding should the nurse obtain first?
- A. Urinary output and fluid intake.
- B. Hemoglobin and hematocrit.
- C. Abdominal contour and bowel sounds.
- D. Heart rate and blood pressure.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In a postpartum client with a perineal hematoma, assessing heart rate and blood pressure is crucial as it can help determine the client's circulatory status. A perineal hematoma has the potential to cause significant blood loss leading to hypovolemia. Monitoring vital signs like heart rate and blood pressure can provide immediate information on the client's hemodynamic stability and guide further interventions if needed.
3. A 10-year-old is admitted to the orthopedic unit with a diagnosis of slipped femoral capital epiphysis (SFCE). What focus should the nurse include in this child’s plan of care?
- A. Ambulation with a walking cast.
- B. Pin and incision care after surgery.
- C. Use of injections for pain control.
- D. Administration of growth hormone.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In the case of slipped femoral capital epiphysis, surgical intervention is often required. Post-surgery care is crucial to prevent complications such as infection and ensure proper healing. This care includes monitoring and managing pin and incision sites for signs of infection, promoting wound healing, and preventing postoperative complications. The focus on pin and incision care is essential for the child's recovery and overall well-being.
4. In caring for a 4-year-old boy recently diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), which characteristic of the disease is most important for the nurse to focus on during the initial teaching?
- A. Lower legs become progressively weaker, causing a waddling, unsteady gait.
- B. Growth and development have been abnormal since birth.
- C. Muscular strength can be regained with physical exercise and therapy.
- D. Respiratory dysfunction and aspiration are prime concerns at this stage of the disease.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a key characteristic is the progressive weakness in the lower legs, leading to a waddling, unsteady gait. The nurse should focus on teaching about this aspect as it helps in understanding the disease's progression and managing the symptoms effectively.
5. A 6-year-old with heart failure (HF) gained 2 pounds in the last 24 hours. Which intervention is more important for the nurse to implement?
- A. Graph the daily weight for the past week.
- B. Decrease IV flow rate.
- C. Assess bilateral lung sounds.
- D. Restrict intake of oral fluids.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Assessing bilateral lung sounds is crucial in this scenario as it can provide essential information about potential fluid accumulation in the lungs, indicating worsening heart failure. This assessment can guide immediate interventions to prevent further deterioration in the patient's condition.
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