the difference between spirituality and religion is that spirituality is

NCLEX-PN

Nclex Practice Questions 2024

1. The difference between spirituality and religion is that spirituality is:

A. a belief about a higher power.
B. an individual's relationship with a higher power.
C. organized worship.
D. a belief in an invisible energy or ideal.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'an individual's relationship with a higher power.' Spirituality is more about personal connection, beliefs, and experiences related to a higher power or force, whereas religion is often associated with organized practices, rituals, and doctrines within a specific faith community. Choice A is incorrect as spirituality goes beyond just believing in a higher power; it encompasses a personal connection. Choice C, 'organized worship,' is incorrect because spirituality can exist outside formal religious settings. Choice D is incorrect as it oversimplifies spirituality as merely a belief in an invisible energy or ideal, missing the relational aspect with a higher power.

2. A nurse provides information about feeding to the mother of a 6-month-old infant. Which statement by the mother indicates an understanding of the information?

A. Meats are really important for iron, and I should start feeding meats to my infant right away.
B. Egg white should not be given to my infant because of the risk for an allergy.
C. I can mix the food in my infant's bottle if he won't eat it.
D. Fluoride supplementation is not necessary until permanent teeth come in.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Egg white should not be given to my infant because of the risk for an allergy.' Egg white, even in small quantities, is not recommended for infants until the end of the first year of life due to its common allergenic potential. Choice A is incorrect because while meats are important for iron, they are not typically introduced to infants until around 6-8 months. Choice C is incorrect because food should never be mixed with formula in the bottle as it may lead to feeding difficulties and inaccurate monitoring of intake. Choice D is incorrect because fluoride supplementation may be required around 6 months depending on the infant's fluoride intake from water. Introducing solid foods like rice cereal, fruits, or vegetables is usually done around 5-6 months, following healthcare provider recommendations.

3. A client with suspected renal disease is to undergo a renal biopsy. The nurse plans to include which statement in the teaching session?

A. "You will be positioned lying down during the examination procedure."?
B. "Portions of the procedure will cause pain or discomfort."?
C. "You may be given anesthesia during the procedure."?
D. "You should refrain from eating or drinking before the procedure."?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to inform the client that portions of the renal biopsy procedure can cause pain or discomfort, particularly when the sample is being withdrawn. This prepares the client for any unpleasant sensations during the procedure. Answer A is incorrect because the client will be positioned lying down, not sitting up, during the exam, so this information is not relevant to include in the teaching session. Answer C is incorrect as anesthesia is commonly used to numb the area for a renal biopsy, reducing pain, so the client can expect to receive anesthesia. Answer D is incorrect because clients are usually instructed to refrain from eating or drinking for a period before the procedure to prevent any complications during the biopsy, not simply before the study.

4. As a type of quality indicator, an example of a structure standard is:

A. a written philosophy.
B. a procedure for a straight catheterization.
C. a protocol for treatment of a client with chest pain.
D. the diagnostic work-up for a client with abdominal pain.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'a written philosophy.' Structure standards define the conditions needed to operate a system and do not directly involve client care. Examples include philosophy, objectives, goals, hours of operation, and management responsibility. Choices B, C, and D involve specific procedures and protocols related to client care, which are not structure standards.

5. A client is given an opiate drug for pain relief following general anesthesia. The client becomes extremely somnolent with respiratory depression. The physician is likely to order the administration of:

A. naloxone (Narcan)
B. labetalol (Normodyne)
C. neostigmine (Prostigmin)
D. thiothixene (Navane)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is naloxone (Narcan). Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid-induced respiratory depression and somnolence. In this scenario, the client's extreme somnolence and respiratory depression suggest an opioid overdose, making naloxone the appropriate choice to counteract these effects. Labetalol (Normodyne) is a nonselective beta-blocker used to treat hypertension, not opioid overdose. Neostigmine (Prostigmin) is a cholinesterase inhibitor used to reverse neuromuscular blockade, not opioid-induced respiratory depression. Thiothixene (Navane) is an antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia and is not indicated for opioid overdose.