NCLEX-PN
Nclex PN Questions and Answers
1. The nurse in the emergency room is admitting a client who has sustained a gunshot wound and will require immediate surgery. The client is unconscious and by themselves. Which of the following actions is most appropriate?
- A. Call the charge nurse and request that the facility's legal counsel provide a waiver for informed consent.
- B. Attempt to stabilize the client in the emergency room until they are conscious enough to provide informed consent.
- C. Try to locate the client's family to obtain informed consent before transporting the client to the operating room.
- D. Proceed with transporting the client to the operating room without obtaining informed consent.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In emergency situations where a client is unconscious and requires immediate surgery to save their life, the priority is to proceed with necessary interventions without delay to ensure the best possible outcome. Obtaining informed consent is essential in healthcare, but in situations where a delay in treatment can be life-threatening, healthcare providers are ethically and legally permitted to proceed with treatment without consent. Attempting to stabilize the client until conscious enough to provide consent or trying to locate family members for consent would cause a dangerous delay in critical care. Therefore, the most appropriate action in this scenario is to transport the unconscious client to the operating room for immediate surgery.
2. A nurse and a nursing assistant enter a client's room to provide care and find the client lying on the floor. Which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Ask the nursing assistant to complete an incident report
- B. Check the client's level of consciousness and vital signs
- C. Contact the unit secretary on the intercom and ask that the client's health care provider be called
- D. Ask the nursing assistant to assist in getting the client back to bed
Correct answer: B
Rationale: When a client sustains a fall, the nurse must first assess the client. The nurse should check the client's level of consciousness and vital signs to determine the severity of the situation and provide appropriate care promptly. This immediate assessment is crucial in ensuring the client's immediate needs are addressed. Asking the nursing assistant to complete an incident report (choice A) is not the priority as the client's condition needs immediate attention. Contacting the unit secretary to call the client's health care provider (choice C) can be done after the initial assessment has been completed. Asking the nursing assistant to assist in getting the client back to bed (choice D) should only be considered after ensuring the client is stable and safe to move.
3. The nurse is caring for a non-English speaking client. The surgeon has asked the nurse to hurry up and prepare the client for their scheduled procedure, which is running late. Which of the following is least appropriate?
- A. Explain to the client's family member that the procedure may be delayed further.
- B. Inform the surgeon that the procedure will be delayed further because getting a staff interpreter will take additional time.
- C. Allow the client's family member to serve as the interpreter.
- D. Ask if a phone-service interpreting service is available to expedite the client preparation.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Allowing the client's family member to serve as the interpreter is the least appropriate option. It is not recommended to rely on family members for interpretation as they may not be impartial, accurate, or trained to handle sensitive medical information. This can lead to misunderstandings, breaches in confidentiality, and compromised care. Choice A is a better option as it involves communication with the family member to manage expectations. Choice B is also appropriate as it prioritizes the need for a professional interpreter to ensure accurate communication. Choice D is a valid option as it explores the possibility of using a phone-service interpreting service to facilitate communication efficiently.
4. Upon admission, the client expresses a desire for an extra oxygen tank in their room due to a previous breathing issue. What is the most appropriate response?
- A. "I will make sure there is always an extra oxygen tank in your room."?
- B. "I will ask the previous nurse if the extra tank was needed."?
- C. "I will need to check if your insurance benefits would cover an additional oxygen tank."?
- D. "The first priority is ensuring there are enough oxygen tanks for everyone who needs them. I am not sure we will be able to provide an extra on standby."?
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The appropriate response in this situation is to prioritize the availability of oxygen tanks for all patients in need. While it is understandable that the client may desire an extra tank for reassurance, the healthcare facility must ensure equitable distribution based on clinical need. Option A is incorrect because promising an always available extra tank may not be feasible and can set unrealistic expectations. Option B is not the best response as it focuses on past actions rather than addressing the current situation. Option C is not the most appropriate response at this time as the client's immediate need for an extra oxygen tank is the primary concern. Therefore, the best response is to emphasize the importance of equitable distribution of resources while acknowledging the client's request for an extra tank.
5. The nurse is caring for a client recovering from a stroke who recently regained consciousness. The client is having difficulty communicating verbally with the team. Which of the following actions would be least appropriate?
- A. Begin client data collection before receiving the physician's order for the referral.
- B. Use documents to provide information for the referral.
- C. Wait for the physician's order for speech therapy before assisting with the appropriate documentation.
- D. Participate in the client referral process.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the least appropriate action would be to wait for the physician's order for speech therapy before assisting with the appropriate documentation. The nurse should start by collecting client data without needing the physician's order, use documents to provide information for the referral, and actively participate in the client referral process. Waiting for the physician's order unnecessarily delays potentially crucial therapy for the client's recovery, affecting the timeliness and effectiveness of care. Therefore, choice C is the least appropriate as immediate action is required in such situations.
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