NCLEX-PN
Nclex Questions Management of Care
1. Which of the following conditions has a severe complication of respiratory failure?
- A. Bell's palsy
- B. Guillain-Barr� syndrome
- C. Trigeminal neuralgia
- D. Tetanus
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Guillain-Barr� syndrome is characterized by a severe complication of respiratory failure due to the involvement of the peripheral nerves that control breathing. While Bell's palsy, trigeminal neuralgia, and tetanus are also conditions affecting peripheral nerves, they do not typically lead to respiratory failure like Guillain-Barr� syndrome. Bell's palsy causes facial muscle weakness, trigeminal neuralgia results in severe facial pain, and tetanus leads to muscle stiffness and spasms, but none of these conditions directly involve respiratory failure.
2. When the healthcare provider is determining the appropriate size of a nasopharyngeal airway to insert, which body part should be measured on the client?
- A. corner of the mouth to tragus of the ear
- B. corner of the eye to top of the ear
- C. tip of the chin to the sternum
- D. tip of the nose to the earlobe
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A nasopharyngeal airway is measured from the tip of the nose to the earlobe. This measurement ensures that the airway is of the correct length to reach the nasopharynx without being too long or too short. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not provide the appropriate measurement for selecting the correct size of a nasopharyngeal airway. The distance from the corner of the mouth to the tragus of the ear (Choice A) is used to measure for an oropharyngeal airway, not a nasopharyngeal airway. Similarly, the other choices (B and C) do not correlate with the correct measurement of a nasopharyngeal airway.
3. Which of the following symptoms is not indicative of autonomic dysreflexia in the client with a spinal cord injury?
- A. sudden onset of headache
- B. flushed face
- C. hypotension
- D. nasal congestion
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Autonomic dysreflexia is characterized by a sudden onset of symptoms due to an overactive autonomic nervous system. Hypotension is not indicative of autonomic dysreflexia; instead, hypertension is a hallmark sign. Therefore, hypotension is the correct answer. Flushed face, sudden onset of headache, and nasal congestion are classic symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia caused by a noxious stimulus below the level of the spinal cord injury. These symptoms result from the body's attempt to regulate blood pressure when the normal feedback loop is interrupted.
4. A gastroenterologist should be consulted for clients suffering from:
- A. digestive system diseases
- B. urinary system diseases
- C. female reproductive system diseases
- D. nervous system diseases
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A gastroenterologist specializes in treating diseases and disorders of the digestive system, including the stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas. Therefore, clients with digestive system diseases should consult a gastroenterologist. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because urinary system diseases are managed by urologists, female reproductive system diseases by gynecologists, and nervous system diseases by neurologists.
5. The client with a diagnosis of hepatitis is experiencing pruritus. Which would be the most appropriate nursing intervention?
- A. Suggest that the client take warm showers once a day.
- B. Add baby oil to the client's bath water.
- C. Apply powder to the client's skin.
- D. Suggest a cool-water rinse after bathing.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Pruritus, or itching, in clients with hepatitis can be alleviated by adding moisturizing agents to bath water. Baby oil helps soothe and moisturize the skin, reducing dryness and itching. Warm showers, as in choice A, can be drying to the skin if taken too frequently, making it less suitable than adding oil to the bath water. Applying powder, as mentioned in choice C, can exacerbate dryness rather than alleviate it. Choice D suggests a cool-water rinse after bathing, which can help in retaining moisture and is less drying compared to hot water rinses.
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