NCLEX-PN
Nclex Questions Management of Care
1. The advanced directive in a client's chart is dated August 12, 1998. The client's daughter produces a Power of Attorney for Health Care, dated 2003, which contains different care directions. What should the nurse do?
- A. Follow the 1998 version because it's part of the legal chart.
- B. Follow the 1998 version because the physician's code order is based on it.
- C. Follow the 2003 version, place it in the chart, and communicate the update appropriately.
- D. Follow neither until clarified by the unit manager.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The document dated 2003 supersedes the previous version and should be used as a basis for care directions. The nurse should follow the 2003 version, place it in the chart, and communicate the update appropriately to ensure that the most current care directions are followed. Choices A and B are incorrect because the 1998 version is now outdated, and the nurse should not rely on it for care decisions. Choice D is incorrect because the nurse should not delay following the updated document, and seeking clarification from the unit manager can lead to avoidable delays in care.
2. When a client's postoperative pain seems to be getting worse due to grief over the recent death of their spouse, what should the nurse consider?
- A. calling the physician for an increased dosage of pain medication
- B. calling the physician for a sedative
- C. referring the client for a psychiatric consult
- D. developing interventions for grief and loss
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is developing interventions for grief and loss. In this scenario, the client's pain is not solely sensory but also affective due to grieving over the death of their spouse. It is essential to address the emotional component of pain by providing support and interventions for grief and loss. Referring the client for a psychiatric consult may not be necessary as grieving is a normal response to such a significant loss. Calling the physician for an increased dosage of pain medication or a sedative solely focuses on the sensory aspect of pain and does not address the underlying emotional distress.
3. How should an infant be secured in a car?
- A. To hold the infant while sitting in the middle of the back seat of the car
- B. To place the infant in the front seat in a rear-facing infant safety seat if the car has passenger-side air bags
- C. To place the infant in a booster seat in the front seat with the shoulder and lap belts secured around the infant
- D. To secure the infant in the middle of the back seat in a rear-facing infant safety seat
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The recommended way to secure an infant in a car is to place them in the middle of the back seat in a rear-facing infant safety seat. Option A is incorrect because infants should never be held while in a moving vehicle due to safety concerns. Option B is incorrect because placing an infant in the front seat with a rear-facing safety seat can be risky if the car has passenger-side airbags. Option C is incorrect as booster seats are not suitable for infants. Therefore, the correct choice is to secure the infant in the middle of the back seat in a rear-facing infant safety seat.
4. What is the term for the tendency of a drug to combine with its receptor?
- A. potency
- B. efficacy
- C. kinetics
- D. affinity
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'affinity.' Affinity refers to the close relationship or mutual attraction between a drug and its receptor, indicating the strength of the drug-receptor bonding. Potency (Choice A) is related to the dose of a drug needed to produce a specific effect. Efficacy (Choice B) refers to a drug's ability to generate the desired effect. Kinetics (Choice C) deals with forces affecting the motion of material bodies or changes in a system, which is not directly associated with the bonding between a drug and its receptor.
5. Delegation of tasks to appropriate personnel allows the nurse to:
- A. ensure tasks are appropriately distributed.
- B. keep other members of the team productive.
- C. maintain tight control of all aspects of the workflow.
- D. recognize the importance of team members' roles.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Delegating tasks to appropriate personnel is essential for a nurse to keep other team members productive. By assigning tasks that align with the specific roles and responsibilities of team members, the nurse can enhance work effectiveness and efficiency. Option A is incorrect because delegation is not primarily about ensuring tasks are evenly distributed but rather about utilizing team members' skills effectively. Option C is incorrect as maintaining tight control of all aspects of the workflow can hinder teamwork and limit individual growth. Option D is incorrect because effective delegation involves empowering team members to make decisions within their scope of practice, rather than solely recognizing the importance of their roles.
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