Nursing Elites

1. When caring for a Native-American family, what does the nurse need to consider?

• A. The family may consist of extended family members beyond parents and children.
• B. Native Americans tend to value their heritage and traditions.
• C. Some Native Americans use herbs and psychologic treatments for illnesses.
• D. Health care practices vary among different tribes and individuals.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When caring for a Native-American family, it is crucial to acknowledge and respect their cultural beliefs and practices. Choice A, while relevant, is not as specific as understanding the use of herbs and psychologic treatments in Native American healing practices. Choice B, though generally true, does not directly impact the nursing care provided. Choice D, although true, is too broad and does not focus on the specific aspect of treatment practices. Choice C is the most appropriate answer as it highlights the importance of recognizing and incorporating traditional healing methods into the nursing care plan, promoting culturally sensitive and holistic care.

2. An infant weighs 7 pounds at birth. What is the expected weight by 1 year of age?

• A. 10 pounds
• B. 12 pounds
• C. 18 pounds
• D. 21 pounds

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A birth weight of 7 pounds typically triples by the age of 1 year, resulting in an expected weight of 21 pounds. This significant weight gain is a normal growth pattern for infants as they usually experience rapid growth in the first year of life. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not account for the usual growth rate of an infant in the first year. Infants commonly triple their birth weight by the age of 1, making 21 pounds the expected weight.

3. The client with diverticulosis is being assisted by the nurse in selecting appropriate foods. Which food should be avoided?

• A. Bran
• B. Fresh peaches
• C. Cucumber salad
• D. Yeast rolls

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The food that should be avoided for a client with diverticulosis is Cucumber salad. Foods with seeds should be avoided as they can aggravate diverticulosis by causing irritation and inflammation in the diverticula. Choices A, B, and D are allowed and even beneficial. Bran cereal and fruit like fresh peaches can help prevent constipation, which is beneficial for individuals with diverticulosis. Yeast rolls are also acceptable unless the client has specific dietary restrictions related to yeast or gluten.

4. What can the nurse instruct the mother of a teething 9-month-old infant to relieve discomfort?

• A. Rub the infant's gums with baby aspirin dissolved in water.
• B. Obtain an over-the-counter (OTC) topical medication for gum pain relief.
• C. Schedule an appointment with a dentist for a dental evaluation.
• D. Give the infant cool liquids or a Popsicle and hard foods such as dry toast.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Teething in infants can cause discomfort, but it is a normal process. Symptoms may include nighttime awakening, daytime restlessness, excess drooling, and temporary loss of appetite. The recommended approach to relieve teething discomfort includes providing cool liquids, a Popsicle, or hard foods like dry toast for chewing. These items can help soothe the infant's gums. Rubbing the gums with baby aspirin dissolved in water is not recommended as it can be harmful. OTC topical medications are unnecessary for teething discomfort. Scheduling a dental evaluation is not required solely for teething. It's important to avoid home remedies like baby aspirin and opt for safer options like cool liquids. If necessary, acetaminophen (Tylenol) can be used under healthcare provider guidance to alleviate discomfort.

5. The client is taking rifampin 600mg po daily to treat his tuberculosis. Which action by the nurse indicates understanding of the medication?

• A. Telling the client that the medication will need to be taken with juice
• B. Telling the client that the medication will change the color of the urine
• C. Telling the client to take the medication before going to bed at night
• D. Telling the client to take the medication if night sweats occur

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is telling the client that the medication will change the color of the urine. Rifampin can change the color of the urine and body fluid. Teaching the client about these changes is important as the client might think this is a complication. Answer A is incorrect because there is no specific requirement to take rifampin with juice. Answer C is incorrect because rifampin should be taken at consistent times, not necessarily before going to bed. Answer D is incorrect as rifampin should be taken regularly as prescribed, not based on symptoms like night sweats.

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