Nursing Elites

1. The physician has ordered a culture for the client with suspected gonorrhea. The nurse should obtain which type of culture?

• A. Blood
• B. Nasopharyngeal secretions
• C. Stool
• D. Genital secretions

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A culture for gonorrhea is taken from the genital secretions as gonorrhea primarily affects the genital area. The culture is incubated in a warm environment to promote the growth of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the bacterium causing gonorrhea. Genital secretions provide a direct sample from the site of infection, increasing the accuracy of diagnosis. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they are not suitable specimens for diagnosing gonorrhea. Blood cultures are used to detect bloodstream infections, nasopharyngeal secretions are collected for respiratory infections, and stool cultures are done to identify gastrointestinal infections, none of which are related to gonorrhea.

2. Who may legally give informed consent?

• A. an 86-year-old male with advanced Alzheimer's disease
• B. a 14-year-old girl needing an appendectomy who is not an emancipated minor
• C. a 14-year-old girl needing an appendectomy who is not an emancipated minor
• D. a 6-month-old baby needing bowel surgery

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is a 14-year-old girl needing an appendectomy who is not an emancipated minor. Informed consent can be given by individuals who are competent and not minors. Minors are generally unable to provide informed consent unless they are emancipated. Choice A is incorrect because an 86-year-old male with advanced Alzheimer's disease is considered incompetent to make decisions. Choice D is incorrect because a 6-month-old baby is unable to provide consent. Emancipated minors are an exception to the minor rule, as they can provide consent for their own treatment.

3. The licensed practical nurse is observing a graduate nurse as she assesses the central venous pressure. Which observation would indicate that the graduate needs further teaching?

• A. The graduate places the client in a supine position to read the manometer.
• B. The graduate turns the stop-cock to the off position from the IV fluid to the client.
• C. The graduate instructs the client to perform the Valsalva maneuver during the CVP reading.
• D. The graduate notes the level at the top of the meniscus.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the client should breathe normally during a central venous pressure monitor reading. Placing the client in a supine position (Choice A) is correct if the client can tolerate it. Turning the stop-cock off (Choice B) and noting the level at the top of the meniscus (Choice D) are also correct actions during CVP monitoring. Instructing the client to perform the Valsalva maneuver is incorrect as it can artificially alter the CVP reading, indicating a need for further teaching.

4. Referral for client education in the community can be accomplished through all of the following except:

• A. community agencies such as the American Heart Association
• B. parish nurses
• C. home health care agencies
• D. unlicensed massage therapists

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Client education should be conducted by individuals with acknowledged expertise in the subject area and appropriate credentials to support their activities within the healthcare community. Choices A, B, and C involve reputable entities or professionals who can provide accurate and reliable client education. The American Heart Association, parish nurses, and home health care agencies are recognized for their healthcare-related knowledge and qualifications. However, unlicensed massage therapists lack the necessary qualifications and expertise to deliver appropriate healthcare-related education, making them unsuitable for referrals when it comes to client education in the community.

5. Spirituality affects a client's life in all of the following areas except:

• A. nutritional intake.
• B. ability to handle stress.
• C. sexual expression.
• D. genetic makeup.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Spirituality is a belief in or relationship with some higher power, creative force, divine being, or infinite source of energy. It can influence areas such as nutritional intake, the ability to handle stress, and sexual expression by providing comfort, guidance, and a sense of purpose. However, spirituality does not have any effect on genetic makeup, as genetics are determined by biological inheritance and not influenced by spiritual beliefs. Choices A, B, and C are directly influenced by an individual's spiritual beliefs and practices, impacting their overall well-being and behavior.

Similar Questions