Nursing Elites

1. What is required for privacy in reproductive health services?

• A. Covering windows and placing partitions between examination areas.
• B. Placing examination tables so that women will be exposed during exams.
• C. Allowing healthcare staff to discuss patients openly in the clinic.
• D. Forcing patients to undergo procedures without proper explanation.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Privacy in reproductive health services necessitates maintaining confidentiality and creating a private environment for patients. This includes covering windows and using partitions between examination areas to protect the patient's privacy. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests exposing women during exams, which violates privacy. Choice C is incorrect because discussing patients openly breaches confidentiality. Choice D is incorrect as it goes against informed consent and proper communication, which are essential components of respecting patient autonomy and privacy.

2. What is the purpose of hysteroscopy?

• A. View the uterine cavity
• B. Perform a D&C procedure
• C. Remove the fetus
• D. Visualize the fallopian tubes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hysteroscopy is a procedure where a very narrow endoscope is inserted through the cervix to view the uterine cavity. This allows healthcare providers to diagnose and treat various uterine conditions such as polyps, fibroids, and adhesions. Choice B, performing a D&C procedure, involves dilating the cervix and scraping the uterine lining, which is a different procedure. Choice C, removing the fetus, is not the purpose of hysteroscopy and is a procedure done in specific circumstances such as pregnancy termination or miscarriage management. Choice D, visualizing the fallopian tubes, is typically done through a procedure called a hysterosalpingogram, which is different from hysteroscopy.

3. A diet rich in _______ controls menopause symptoms:

• A. Carbohydrates
• B. Soya items
• C. Fruits and veggies
• D. Eggs and meat

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A diet rich in soya items can help control menopause symptoms. Soya contains phytoestrogens, which are plant-based compounds that mimic the hormone estrogen in the body. These compounds may help alleviate menopause symptoms such as hot flashes and night sweats. Choice A, Carbohydrates, do not specifically target menopause symptoms. Choice C, Fruits and veggies, while generally healthy, do not have the same impact on menopause symptoms as soya. Choice D, Eggs and meat, do not contain phytoestrogens like soya, making them less effective in managing menopause symptoms.

4. Which of the following is subsidiary uterine support?

• A. Suspensory ligament
• B. Cardinal ligament
• C. Transcervical ligament
• D. Maklouf ligament

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cardinal ligament. The cardinal ligament is a primary uterine support structure that helps to anchor the uterus in place. The suspensory ligament also provides support for the uterus but is not considered a subsidiary uterine support. The transcervical ligament does not exist in anatomical terminology. The Maklouf ligament is a fictitious term and not recognized as a subsidiary uterine support structure.

5. Abortion is defined as:

• A. Bleeding per vaginum in early pregnancy
• B. Willingness to terminate pregnancy
• C. Expulsion of products of conception after the 28th week of gestation
• D. Expulsion of products of conception before the 28th week of gestation

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Abortion is defined as the expulsion of products of conception before the 28th week of gestation. Choice A is incorrect as it describes bleeding in early pregnancy, not the definition of abortion. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to the willingness to terminate a pregnancy rather than the actual act of expulsion. Choice C is incorrect as it defines abortion as the expulsion of products of conception after the 28th week of gestation, which is considered a stillbirth.

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