Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is not a barrier method of birth control?

• A. Vaults
• B. Diaphragms
• C. Sterilization
• D. Cervical caps

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Sterilization. Sterilization is a permanent form of birth control that involves surgical procedures to prevent pregnancy by blocking the fallopian tubes or vas deferens. Barrier methods physically prevent sperm from reaching the egg, such as vaults, diaphragms, and cervical caps. These devices create a barrier to sperm, unlike sterilization. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are all considered barrier methods of birth control.

2. What is Dinoprostone commonly used for?

• A. Cervical priming.
• B. Pain management during labor.
• C. Management of pre-term labor.
• D. Management of post-partum hemorrhage.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Dinoprostone is commonly used for the management of pre-term labor. While it can be used for cervical priming, its primary indication is for pre-term labor. Choice A is partially correct but not the most common use of Dinoprostone. Choices B and D are incorrect as Dinoprostone is not primarily used for pain management during labor or for the management of post-partum hemorrhage.

3. What is the most important factor in ensuring accessibility in reproductive health services?

• A. Ensuring that primary health care (PHC) services are available within a reasonable distance.
• B. Requiring patients to access multiple services to get the care they need.
• C. Providing reproductive health services only to those who can afford it.
• D. Providing health services only in urban areas.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ensuring that primary health care (PHC) services are available within a reasonable distance. Accessibility in reproductive health services is crucial for ensuring that individuals can easily access the care they need. Option B is incorrect because requiring patients to access multiple services can create barriers to care. Option C is incorrect as accessibility should not be limited based on financial means. Option D is incorrect because healthcare services should be available in both urban and rural areas to reach a wider population.

4. Discuss the anatomical/physiological changes in pregnancy under the following: Kidney/renal system

• A. Kidneys increase in size, pelvis dilates, ureters elongate and dilate, and the glomerular filtration rate increases.
• B. Kidneys decrease in size, and glomerular filtration rate decreases.
• C. There is no change in kidney size or ureter function, but the glomerular filtration rate decreases.
• D. Kidneys shrink, and ureters remain the same.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During pregnancy, the kidneys increase in size, the pelvis dilates, ureters elongate and dilate, and the glomerular filtration rate increases. This is due to the increased metabolic demands and hormonal changes during pregnancy. Choice B is incorrect as the kidneys do not decrease in size, and the glomerular filtration rate actually increases. Choice C is incorrect as there are changes in kidney size and ureter function during pregnancy. Choice D is incorrect as the kidneys do not shrink during pregnancy.

5. What causes the changes in appearance seen in boys at the time of puberty?

• A. Prolactin
• B. Adrenaline
• C. Estrogen
• D. Testosterone

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During puberty, boys experience physical changes such as growth of facial and body hair, deepening of the voice, and muscle development. These changes are primarily driven by the hormone testosterone. Testosterone is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics. Therefore, the correct answer is testosterone. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because prolactin, adrenaline, and estrogen do not play a significant role in the development of male secondary sexual characteristics during puberty.

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