Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is not a barrier method of birth control?

• A. Vaults
• B. Diaphragms
• C. Sterilization
• D. Cervical caps

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Sterilization. Sterilization is a permanent form of birth control that involves surgical procedures to prevent pregnancy by blocking the fallopian tubes or vas deferens. Barrier methods physically prevent sperm from reaching the egg, such as vaults, diaphragms, and cervical caps. These devices create a barrier to sperm, unlike sterilization. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are all considered barrier methods of birth control.

2. In missed abortion, what will the woman often experience?

• A. Severe cramping and lower abdominal pains
• B. Brownish vaginal discharge
• C. Profuse per vagina bleeding
• D. Open cervical OS

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In missed abortion, the woman often experiences brownish vaginal discharge. This is known as a symptom of missed abortion. Severe cramping and lower abdominal pains (Choice A) are more characteristic of an incomplete abortion, where not all pregnancy tissue is expelled. Profuse per vagina bleeding (Choice C) is more commonly associated with a complete abortion. Open cervical OS (Choice D) is a physical finding and not a typical symptom reported by the woman in missed abortion.

3. _______ is a lytic enzyme released by the sperm.

• A. Hyaluronidase
• B. Trypsin
• C. Helicase
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hyaluronidase is the correct answer. It is a lytic enzyme released by the sperm to help penetrate the egg's protective layer. Trypsin is a digestive enzyme produced in the pancreas, not released by sperm. Helicase is an enzyme involved in DNA replication, not released by sperm. 'None of the above' is incorrect as hyaluronidase fits the description provided in the question.

4. The letter 'T' in the Acronym 'GATHER' denotes:

• A. Ask the client about themselves - particular needs, obstetric and medical history
• B. Tell the client about modern FP methods available, and discuss each in detail
• C. Help the client choose a method and repeat information regarding the chosen method if necessary
• D. Explain how to use the method - what, where, when, and how

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Tell the client about modern FP methods available, and discuss each in detail.' In the GATHER acronym, 'T' stands for providing information about modern family planning methods to the client and having a detailed discussion. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the 'T' component in the GATHER approach. Choice A focuses more on gathering information from the client, choice C is about helping the client choose a method, and choice D is about explaining how to use the method, none of which align with the 'T' in GATHER.

5. At what age does the first menstrual period typically occur?

• A. 9 and 15 years
• B. 2 and 10 years
• C. 1 and 5 years
• D. 18 and 20 years

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The first menstrual period, known as menarche, typically occurs between the ages of 9 and 15 years. This marks the onset of puberty in females. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the first menstrual period does not occur as early as 2 years old, 1 year old, or as late as 18 to 20 years old.

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