Nursing Elites

1. What is Carboprost used for?

• A. Affects milk production.
• B. Relieve constriction ring.
• C. Management of post-partum haemorrhage.
• D. Induce labor.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Carboprost is used in the management of post-partum haemorrhage. This medication helps to reduce excessive bleeding after childbirth. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Carboprost does not affect milk production, relieve constriction ring, or induce labor.

2. What is one of the roles of the oxytocin hormone?

• A. Stimulates milk ejection.
• B. Stimulates the production of milk.
• C. Stimulates the development of lactoferrin.
• D. Stimulates the secretion of relaxin.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Stimulates milk ejection.' Oxytocin is responsible for contracting the muscles around the milk ducts, pushing milk into the nipples for breastfeeding. This process is known as milk ejection or let-down. The other choices are incorrect because oxytocin's primary function is to facilitate milk ejection rather than directly stimulating the production of milk, the development of lactoferrin, or the secretion of relaxin.

3. At 34-40 weeks of pregnancy, the breast changes include:

• A. Nipples become prominent and mobile.
• B. Colostrum can be expressed.
• C. Breasts become tender.
• D. Montgomery's tubercles are prominent.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During the 34-40 weeks of pregnancy, Montgomery's tubercles become prominent. These are sebaceous glands on the areola, not the nipples. Choice A is incorrect as it describes the changes in nipples, not Montgomery's tubercles. Choice B is incorrect as colostrum production usually starts around the 16th week. Choice C is incorrect as breast tenderness is more common in early pregnancy due to hormonal changes.

4. Menopausal women require a diet rich in calcium to prevent osteoporosis. Which one of the following is a source of calcium?

• A. Spinach
• B. Cabbage
• C. Carrots
• D. Rape

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Spinach is a good source of calcium, which is crucial for preventing osteoporosis in menopausal women. Spinach is a leafy green vegetable high in calcium content. While cabbage, carrots, and rape are nutritious, they do not provide as much calcium as spinach does. Therefore, spinach is the correct choice for menopausal women looking to increase their calcium intake.

5. What is the triangular space lying between the vaginal and rectal canals?

• A. Pelvic floor
• B. Perineum
• C. Vestibule
• D. Perineal body

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Perineum. The perineum is the triangular space located between the vaginal and rectal canals. It is a region containing various muscles, nerves, and blood vessels that support the pelvic floor. Choice A, Pelvic floor, refers to the structure supporting the organs in the pelvic cavity, not the space between the vaginal and rectal canals. Choice C, Vestibule, is the space within the labia minora containing the openings of the urethra and vagina, not the area between the vaginal and rectal canals. Choice D, Perineal body, is a fibromuscular mass in the perineum area but not the space between the vaginal and rectal canals.

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