Nursing Elites

1. Which of these methods can be used for the transfer of zygote or early embryo into the fallopian tube?

• A. GIFT
• B. IUT
• C. ZIFT
• D. ICSI

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, ZIFT (Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer). ZIFT involves transferring a zygote or early embryo into the fallopian tube. GIFT (Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer - A) involves transferring unfertilized eggs and sperm into the fallopian tube for fertilization to occur inside the woman's body, not a zygote or early embryo. IUT (Intrauterine Transfer - B) is not specifically for transferring the zygote or early embryo into the fallopian tube, but rather into the uterus. ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection - D) is a technique where a single sperm is injected directly into an egg, not related to transferring embryos into the fallopian tube.

2. At 16 weeks of pregnancy, the breast changes include:

• A. Montgomery's tubercles are prominent.
• B. Darkening of the nipple.
• C. Prickling, tingling sensation.
• D. Colostrum can be expressed.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: At 16 weeks of pregnancy, the sensation of prickling and tingling in the breasts is common due to hormonal changes. Montgomery's tubercles becoming prominent is more characteristic of early pregnancy, typically around the first trimester. Darkening of the nipple, known as areola darkening, can occur but is more commonly observed later in pregnancy. The expression of colostrum, the first milk produced by the mammary glands, usually happens closer to the end of pregnancy or after childbirth, not typically at 16 weeks.

3. Which of the following is NOT a phase of the menstrual cycle?

• A. Follicular phase
• B. Ovulatory phase
• C. Luteal phase
• D. Secretory phase

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The secretory phase is not considered a distinct phase of the menstrual cycle; it is actually part of the luteal phase. During the luteal phase, the endometrium thickens due to progesterone secretion, preparing for implantation. The follicular phase is characterized by follicle development, leading to ovulation. The ovulatory phase is when the mature egg is released from the ovary. Therefore, the secretory phase is the correct answer as it is not a standalone phase but a part of the luteal phase.

4. What is the role of the prolactin hormone?

• A. Stimulates the development of milk-producing tissue.
• B. Stimulates milk storage.
• C. Stimulates milk production.
• D. Stimulates milk ejection.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Stimulates milk production.' Prolactin hormone is responsible for promoting the production of milk in the mammary glands. This hormone does not directly stimulate the development of milk-producing tissue (Choice A), milk storage (Choice B), or milk ejection (Choice D). While these functions are related to lactation, the primary role of prolactin is to facilitate milk production.

5. How can the concept of Integrated Reproductive Health be strengthened?

• A. Through advocacy and IEC
• B. Through community participation
• C. Through radio messages
• D. Through family planning

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Through advocacy and IEC. Advocacy and Information, Education, Communication (IEC) campaigns are crucial in strengthening the concept of Integrated Reproductive Health. These efforts help raise awareness, educate the community, and promote positive health behaviors. Choice B, community participation, though important, is not as direct in strengthening the concept as advocacy and IEC. Choice C, radio messages, can be a part of IEC campaigns but alone may not be as effective in strengthening the concept. Choice D, family planning, is a component of Integrated Reproductive Health but is not the most comprehensive approach to strengthening the concept.

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