the practical nurse pn is reinforcing information about lyme disease prevention with a client who is preparing for a camping trip with family which st
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Nursing Elites

HESI RN

HESI Practice Test Pediatrics

1. The practical nurse is reinforcing information about Lyme disease prevention with a client who is preparing for a camping trip with family. Which statement by the client informs the nurse that the client understands the instruction?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Wearing long pants and long-sleeved shirts is an effective preventive measure against tick bites, which reduces the risk of contracting Lyme disease. This attire helps to minimize skin exposure to ticks, thereby decreasing the chances of a tick attaching and transmitting the disease-causing bacteria.

2. The caregiver is caring for a 2-month-old infant with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis. Which assessment finding would be most concerning to the caregiver?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Nasal flaring and grunting are indicative of respiratory distress, suggesting the infant is having difficulty breathing. This finding requires immediate attention as it signifies a more severe respiratory compromise compared to the other symptoms listed.

3. Prior to discharge, the parents of a child with cystic fibrosis are demonstrating chest physiotherapy (CPT) that they will perform for their child at home. Which action requires intervention by the nurse?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Placing the child in a supine position to begin percussion is incorrect for chest physiotherapy (CPT). This position is not effective for CPT as it may lead to improper drainage of secretions. The child should be in an appropriate sitting or slightly reclined position to ensure proper lung drainage during CPT. Choices A, B, and C are all appropriate actions for chest physiotherapy. Performing CPT when the child awakens helps in clearing secretions, using a cupped hand during percussion is a proper technique to promote secretion movement, and administering a bronchodilator before CPT can help open up the airways for better clearance.

4. The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old child who is scheduled for surgery to repair a fractured femur. The child’s parent expresses concern about the child being afraid of the surgery. What is the nurse’s best response?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Acknowledging the child’s fear and providing information about what to expect can help alleviate anxiety.

5. The nurse is assessing a 3-month-old infant who was brought to the clinic by the parents due to concerns about the infant’s feeding. The parents report that the infant has been vomiting after every feeding and has not gained any weight. What should the nurse assess first?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Assessing hydration status is crucial in an infant who is vomiting frequently, as dehydration can quickly become a serious issue. In this scenario, the infant's inability to retain feeds and lack of weight gain may indicate a potential risk of dehydration, making it essential to prioritize checking the infant's hydration status to prevent complications. Evaluating the feeding technique (Choice A) could be important but is secondary to addressing potential dehydration. Measuring the abdominal circumference (Choice C) and reviewing the growth chart (Choice D) are not the priority in this situation where dehydration is a primary concern.

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