Nursing Elites

1. What is the inner lining of the non-pregnant uterus called?

• A. Decidua
• B. Myometrium
• C. Endometrium
• D. Sponge layer

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Endometrium. The endometrium is the inner lining of the non-pregnant uterus that undergoes cyclic changes in response to hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle. Choice A, Decidua, is the specialized membrane formed during pregnancy. Choice B, Myometrium, refers to the middle layer of the uterine wall composed of smooth muscle. Choice D, Sponge layer, is not a term used to describe the inner lining of the uterus.

2. Inevitable abortion occurs when:

• A. The ovum dies in utero and the decidua capsularis remains intact.
• B. The cervix is open, and the products of conception are about to be expelled.
• C. The products of conception are expelled before the 20th week of gestation.
• D. The fetus dies and is expelled in the first trimester.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Inevitable abortion occurs when the cervix is open, and the products of conception are about to be expelled. This is a critical point in the process of spontaneous abortion, indicating that expulsion of the products of conception is imminent. Choice A is incorrect as it describes a missed abortion where the ovum dies but the decidua capsularis remains intact. Choice C is incorrect as it describes an incomplete abortion where the products of conception are expelled before the completion of 20 weeks of gestation. Choice D is incorrect as it describes a missed abortion where the fetus dies and is expelled in the first trimester.

3. Which of the following is a complication of abortions?

• A. Malnutrition
• B. Peritoneum
• C. Fibroids
• D. Septicaemia

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Septicaemia is a severe complication that can result from abortions due to infections introduced during the procedure. Malnutrition, peritoneum, and fibroids are not typically direct complications of abortions.

4. What is the role of the progesterone hormone?

• A. Stimulates the development of the nipple and duct system in the breast.
• B. Stimulates the storage of milk.
• C. Stimulates the secretion of relaxin.
• D. Stimulates the development of glandular tissue in the breast.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Progesterone hormone's role includes stimulating the development of the nipple and duct system in the breast. This hormone is crucial for preparing the breast for potential pregnancy by promoting the growth of structures necessary for milk production. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because progesterone primarily focuses on preparing the breast for lactation rather than directly stimulating milk storage, relaxin secretion, or glandular tissue development.

5. What does the umbilical cord contain?

• A. Pluripotent stem cells
• B. Cord blood stem cells
• C. Blood stem cells
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cord blood stem cells. The umbilical cord contains stem cells that are found in cord blood, known as cord blood stem cells. These stem cells have the potential to develop into various types of cells and are used in medical treatments. Pluripotent stem cells are typically found in embryos and have the ability to develop into any type of cell in the body, not specifically in the umbilical cord. Choice C, blood stem cells, is a vague term that does not specifically refer to the stem cells found in the umbilical cord. Choice D is incorrect as the umbilical cord does contain cord blood stem cells.

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