Nursing Elites

1. The Gravindex test is used to detect Human Chorionic Gonadotrophic hormone (HCG) in:

• A. Urine or whole blood
• B. Amniotic fluid
• C. Saliva
• D. Cervical mucus

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Urine or whole blood. The Gravindex test is designed to detect Human Chorionic Gonadotrophic hormone (HCG) in urine or whole blood samples. HCG is a hormone produced during pregnancy, and its presence in urine or blood can indicate pregnancy. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as the Gravindex test is not intended to detect HCG in amniotic fluid, saliva, or cervical mucus. These bodily fluids are not typically used for pregnancy testing purposes.

2. Laparoscopy uses a small instrument known as a laparoscope to:

• A. Take very detailed photographs
• B. Insert a hysteroscope for D&C
• C. Perform an abortion procedure
• D. Perform a hysterectomy

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Laparoscopy uses a small instrument known as a laparoscope to take very detailed photographs of the pelvic organs. This procedure is commonly used for diagnostic purposes, to visualize internal organs, and to perform minimally invasive surgeries. Choice B, inserting a hysteroscope for D&C, is incorrect as hysteroscopy is a different procedure used to examine the inside of the uterus, not the pelvic organs. Choice C, performing an abortion procedure, is incorrect as laparoscopy is not used for abortion. Choice D, performing a hysterectomy, is incorrect as although laparoscopy can be used in some cases for hysterectomy, its primary purpose is not for this procedure.

3. Which of the following Leopold maneuvers assesses the fetal lie?

• A. Fundal grip
• B. Umbilical grip
• C. Pawlick grip
• D. Pelvic grip

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fundal grip. Fundal grip is a specific Leopold maneuver used to assess the fetal lie by palpating the upper abdomen to determine the position of the baby's back and presenting part. This maneuver helps healthcare providers understand the orientation of the fetus within the uterus. Choice B, Umbilical grip, is not a recognized Leopold maneuver and does not assess fetal lie. Choice C, Pawlick grip, and choice D, Pelvic grip, are also not part of the standard Leopold maneuvers used to determine fetal lie.

4. Which one of the following is not associated with poor maternal outcome?

• A. APH
• B. PPH
• C. Cord prolapse
• D. Pre-eclampsia

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Cord prolapse is not typically associated with poor maternal outcomes. Acute placental hemorrhage (APH - choice A) and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH - choice B) can lead to maternal morbidity and mortality due to excessive blood loss. Pre-eclampsia (choice D) is a serious pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to other organ systems, which can result in severe maternal complications if not managed promptly. Cord prolapse, though concerning for fetal well-being, does not inherently pose direct risks to maternal health if managed appropriately, making it the correct answer in this context.

5. Culdoscopy is a procedure performed to examine the rectouterine pouch and pelvic viscera through:

• A. The posterior vaginal wall
• B. The anterior vaginal wall
• C. The abdominal wall
• D. The rectal wall

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Culdoscopy is a procedure that involves examining the rectouterine pouch and pelvic viscera through the posterior vaginal wall. This approach allows direct visualization and access to the pelvic area. The other choices are incorrect because culdoscopy specifically involves entering through the posterior vaginal wall to reach the specified anatomical structures. The anterior vaginal wall, abdominal wall, and rectal wall are not the access points used in culdoscopy.

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