Nursing Elites

1. Mrs. Banda is a patient at the ward with complaints of light menstrual periods, which occur at intervals greater than 35 days. Your diagnosis will be:

• A. Oligomenorrhea
• B. Menorrhagia
• C. Metrorrhagia
• D. Polymenorrhea

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct diagnosis for Mrs. Banda's condition is Oligomenorrhea. Oligomenorrhea is characterized by light menstrual periods occurring at intervals longer than 35 days. Choice B, Menorrhagia, refers to abnormally heavy menstrual bleeding. Choice C, Metrorrhagia, is bleeding at irregular intervals, and Choice D, Polymenorrhea, involves menstrual cycles occurring at intervals shorter than 21 days.

2. During menopause, what do ovaries stop producing?

• A. Progesterone and Estrogen
• B. Prolactin
• C. Human chorionic gonadotropin
• D. Oxytocin

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During menopause, the ovaries stop producing progesterone and estrogen. Progesterone and estrogen are hormones essential for the menstrual cycle and reproductive functions. Prolactin is a hormone responsible for milk production in the breasts and is not primarily produced by the ovaries. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is produced during pregnancy to support the production of progesterone and estrogen. Oxytocin is a hormone involved in labor and breastfeeding, not primarily produced by the ovaries.

3. What is the content of the acrosome?

• A. Lipids
• B. Hormones
• C. Digestive enzymes
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Digestive enzymes. The acrosome is a structure found in sperm cells that contains enzymes used to penetrate the egg during fertilization. Choice A (Lipids) and Choice B (Hormones) are incorrect as the primary content of the acrosome is digestive enzymes, not lipids or hormones. Choice D (None of the above) is incorrect as the acrosome does contain a specific substance, which are digestive enzymes.

4. What are the external organs of the female collectively known as?

• A. Vulva
• B. Frenulum
• C. Mons veneris
• D. Vestibule

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vulva. The external organs of the female reproductive system, including the labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vaginal opening, and Bartholin's glands, are collectively known as the vulva. Choice B, Frenulum, is incorrect as it refers to a small band of tissue. Choice C, Mons veneris, specifically refers to the rounded mass of fatty tissue located over the pubic bone, not all external female reproductive organs. Choice D, Vestibule, is incorrect as it is the space enclosed by the labia minora that includes the vaginal and urethral openings, not all external female reproductive organs.

5. What is required for privacy in reproductive health services?

• A. Covering windows and placing partitions between examination areas.
• B. Placing examination tables so that women will be exposed during exams.
• C. Allowing healthcare staff to discuss patients openly in the clinic.
• D. Forcing patients to undergo procedures without proper explanation.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Privacy in reproductive health services necessitates maintaining confidentiality and creating a private environment for patients. This includes covering windows and using partitions between examination areas to protect the patient's privacy. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests exposing women during exams, which violates privacy. Choice C is incorrect because discussing patients openly breaches confidentiality. Choice D is incorrect as it goes against informed consent and proper communication, which are essential components of respecting patient autonomy and privacy.

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