Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is included in a pelvic examination?

• A. Inspection of internal genitalia
• B. Inspection of the cervix and vaginal wall
• C. Palpation of the vagina and vaginal cervix by digital examination
• D. Rectal examination

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. A pelvic examination involves the inspection of the cervix and vaginal wall. This is typically done to assess the health of the reproductive organs and screen for any abnormalities. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because while palpation and digital examination may be part of a pelvic exam, the specific focus on the cervix and vaginal wall is a key component that distinguishes it from other types of examinations.

2. Which of the following is a function of the placenta?

• A. The placenta secretes insulin.
• B. The placenta facilitates the exchange of gases and nutrients between mother and fetus.
• C. The placenta provides immunological protection to the fetus.
• D. The placenta stores fat-soluble vitamins for the fetus.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The placenta serves as a crucial organ during pregnancy, facilitating the exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) and nutrients (such as glucose and amino acids) between the mother and the developing fetus. This exchange is vital for the fetus's growth and development. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. The placenta does not secrete insulin; insulin is produced by the pancreas. While the placenta provides some immune support to the fetus, its main role is not immunological protection. Additionally, storing fat-soluble vitamins is not a primary function of the placenta.

3. During an ectopic pregnancy, what is the likelihood of a rupture in the ampullary portion of the tube?

• A. Frequent
• B. Uncommon
• C. Occasional
• D. Never

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During an ectopic pregnancy, a rupture in the ampullary portion of the tube is frequent. This is due to the increased pressure within the fallopian tube as the embryo grows, leading to the rupture of the tube. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the common occurrence of rupture in this specific part of the tube during an ectopic pregnancy.

4. Which one is not a barrier method for birth control?

• A. Diaphragms
• B. Cervical caps
• C. Vaults
• D. Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Intrauterine Devices (IUDs). Barrier methods of birth control physically block sperm from reaching the egg. Diaphragms, cervical caps, and vaults are examples of barrier methods as they create a barrier that prevents sperm from reaching the cervix. In contrast, IUDs work by altering the cervical mucus and uterine lining, making it difficult for sperm to reach the egg, but they do not physically block sperm like barrier methods do.

5. Which of the following is not a complication of menopause?

• A. Fractures
• B. Alzheimer's disease
• C. Congestive heart failure
• D. Painful intercourse

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Congestive heart failure is not typically associated with menopause. Menopause is linked to an increased risk of fractures due to bone density loss, a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease due to hormonal changes affecting the brain, and painful intercourse due to vaginal dryness and decreased lubrication. While cardiovascular health can be affected by menopause, congestive heart failure is not a direct complication of menopause.

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