Nursing Elites

1. When a woman is having her first child, she is experiencing which type of crisis event?

• A. situational
• B. maturational
• C. adventitious
• D. reactive

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A maturational crisis occurs when an individual reaches a new stage of development, such as becoming a parent for the first time, and needs to develop new coping strategies to adapt to this change. Situational crises (Choice A) arise from external sources, not developmental milestones. Adventitious crises (Choice C) are caused by external events like natural disasters and are not related to personal development stages. Reactive crises (Choice D) are responses to specific stressors and are not associated with developmental milestones like becoming a parent for the first time.

2. A primary belief of psychiatric mental health nursing is:

• A. Most people have the potential to change and grow.
• B. Every person is worthy of dignity and respect.
• C. Human needs are individual to each person.
• D. Some behaviors have no meaning and cannot be understood.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is that every person is worthy of dignity and respect. This is a fundamental principle in psychiatric mental health nursing, emphasizing the importance of treating individuals with dignity and respect regardless of their condition. This belief forms the basis of establishing a therapeutic nurse-client relationship. Choice A is a positive belief, but the primary focus in psychiatric mental health nursing is on respecting the worth and dignity of each individual. Choice C is related to understanding individual human needs but does not encompass the core value of dignity and respect. Choice D is incorrect as psychiatric nursing emphasizes the importance of interpreting and understanding all behaviors as meaningful expressions of the client's experience.

3. A nurse provides information about feeding to the mother of a 6-month-old infant. Which statement by the mother indicates an understanding of the information?

• A. Meats are really important for iron, and I should start feeding meats to my infant right away.
• B. Egg white should not be given to my infant because of the risk for an allergy.
• C. I can mix the food in my infant's bottle if he won't eat it.
• D. Fluoride supplementation is not necessary until permanent teeth come in.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Egg white should not be given to my infant because of the risk for an allergy.' Egg white, even in small quantities, is not recommended for infants until the end of the first year of life due to its common allergenic potential. Choice A is incorrect because while meats are important for iron, they are not typically introduced to infants until around 6-8 months. Choice C is incorrect because food should never be mixed with formula in the bottle as it may lead to feeding difficulties and inaccurate monitoring of intake. Choice D is incorrect because fluoride supplementation may be required around 6 months depending on the infant's fluoride intake from water. Introducing solid foods like rice cereal, fruits, or vegetables is usually done around 5-6 months, following healthcare provider recommendations.

4. A client with suspected renal disease is to undergo a renal biopsy. The nurse plans to include which statement in the teaching session?

• A. "You will be positioned lying down during the examination procedure."?
• B. "Portions of the procedure will cause pain or discomfort."?
• C. "You may be given anesthesia during the procedure."?
• D. "You should refrain from eating or drinking before the procedure."?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to inform the client that portions of the renal biopsy procedure can cause pain or discomfort, particularly when the sample is being withdrawn. This prepares the client for any unpleasant sensations during the procedure. Answer A is incorrect because the client will be positioned lying down, not sitting up, during the exam, so this information is not relevant to include in the teaching session. Answer C is incorrect as anesthesia is commonly used to numb the area for a renal biopsy, reducing pain, so the client can expect to receive anesthesia. Answer D is incorrect because clients are usually instructed to refrain from eating or drinking for a period before the procedure to prevent any complications during the biopsy, not simply before the study.

5. What is the purpose of a contract between a nurse and a client?

• A. Contracts specify the participation and responsibilities of both parties.
• B. Contracts indicate the feeling tone established between participants.
• C. Contracts are legally binding and prevent either party from ending the relationship prematurely.
• D. Contracts define the roles the participants take.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The purpose of a contract between a nurse and a client is to specify the participation and responsibilities of both parties. It outlines the expectations, contributions, and duties of each party involved in the professional relationship. This ensures clarity and mutual understanding. Choice B is incorrect as contracts do not indicate feeling tone but rather focus on the professional aspects. Choice C is incorrect because while contracts are legally binding, their primary purpose is not to prevent premature termination but to establish guidelines. Choice D is incorrect as contracts focus more on responsibilities and participation rather than specific roles.

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