Nursing Elites

1. A 2-year-old girl is brought to the clinic by her 17-year-old mother. When the nurse observes that the child is drinking sweetened soda from her bottle, what information should the nurse discuss with this mother?

• A. A 2-year-old should be speaking in 2-word phrases
• B. Dental caries is associated with drinking soda
• C. Drinking soda is related to childhood obesity
• D. Toddlers should be sleeping 10 hours a night

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Dental caries are a common concern when children consume sweetened sodas regularly.

2. A child is recovering from an appendectomy. The parent asks when the child can resume normal activities. What is the best response by the nurse?

• A. The child can resume normal activities as soon as they feel up to it
• B. The child should avoid strenuous activities for at least 2 weeks
• C. The child can resume normal activities after the stitches are removed
• D. The child should avoid all physical activities for the next month

Correct answer: B

Rationale: After an appendectomy, it is important for the child to avoid strenuous activities for at least 2 weeks to allow for proper healing. Resuming normal activities too soon can put unnecessary strain on the healing process and increase the risk of complications.

3. According to Erikson's theory, what behavioral pattern should be displayed by a child who has not developed a sense of competence?

• A. Guilt.
• B. Shame.
• C. Alienation.
• D. Inferiority.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Erikson's theory of psychosocial development outlines that the failure to establish a sense of competence during the industry vs. inferiority stage results in feelings of inferiority. This stage occurs during middle childhood where children strive to master skills and tasks. If they are unable to meet challenges successfully, they may start feeling inferior to their peers and may lack confidence in their abilities. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as guilt, shame, and alienation are not the specific behavioral patterns associated with the lack of developing a sense of competence according to Erikson's theory.

4. A 7-year-old child with leukemia is receiving chemotherapy. The mother asks the practical nurse (PN) how to manage the child's nausea at home. What advice should the PN provide?

• A. Provide small, frequent meals.
• B. Encourage the child to eat spicy foods.
• C. Offer large meals less frequently.
• D. Allow the child to eat whatever they want.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During chemotherapy, children may experience nausea. Providing small, frequent meals can help manage nausea as they are easier to tolerate, reducing the likelihood of vomiting. It is important to offer bland, non-spicy foods to avoid exacerbating nausea. Encouraging large meals less frequently or allowing the child to eat whatever they want may overwhelm the digestive system and worsen nausea. Therefore, the correct advice is to provide small, frequent meals to help the child manage nausea effectively.

5. The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who was admitted for dehydration due to gastroenteritis. The child is now receiving IV fluids and appears more alert. What is the best indicator that the child’s condition is improving?

• A. The child is more alert and playful
• B. The child’s urine output has increased
• C. The child’s vital signs are stable
• D. The child is tolerating small amounts of oral fluids

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Increased urine output is a reliable indicator that hydration status is improving. While alertness and playfulness are positive signs, increased urine output directly reflects improved hydration. Stable vital signs are important but may not directly indicate hydration status. Tolerating small amounts of oral fluids is a good sign but may not be as direct an indicator as increased urine output.

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