Nursing Elites

1. What is the liquid found inside the cell?

• A. Plasma membrane
• B. Cilia
• C. Cytoplasm
• D. Cytosol

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Cytosol. Cytosol is the liquid component of the cytoplasm where various cellular processes occur. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the plasma membrane is the outer boundary of the cell, cilia are hair-like structures on the cell surface, and cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance that contains organelles within the cell, not the liquid inside the cell.

2. At the beginning of meiosis, how many chromosomes does the diploid parent cell have?

• A. 23
• B. 24
• C. 46
• D. 54

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 46. At the start of meiosis, the diploid parent cell contains 46 chromosomes. During meiosis, the number of chromosomes is halved, resulting in each gamete having 23 chromosomes. Choice A (23) is incorrect because that is the number of chromosomes in a human gamete, not the parent cell. Choice B (24) and Choice D (54) are also incorrect as they do not reflect the correct number of chromosomes in a diploid parent cell at the beginning of meiosis.

3. Which of the following organelles is known as the cell's transportation center?

• A. Golgi apparatus
• B. Endoplasmic reticulum
• C. Mitochondria
• D. Lysosomes

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Endoplasmic reticulum. The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis and transport of proteins and lipids within the cell. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for transport. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, producing energy in the form of ATP. Lysosomes are involved in the digestion and recycling of cellular waste.

4. What is located on the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

• A. Microvilli
• B. Mitochondria
• C. Lysosomes
• D. Ribosomes

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes, not microvilli, mitochondria, or lysosomes. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, making them an essential component of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

5. Which of the following is not one of the four nitrogenous bases that make up the DNA structure?

• A. Adenine
• B. Guanine
• C. Uracil
• D. Thymine

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Uracil. Uracil is found in RNA, not DNA. The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. Choice A, Adenine, is a nitrogenous base in DNA. Choice B, Guanine, is another nitrogenous base in DNA. Choice D, Thymine, is also one of the four nitrogenous bases in DNA. Therefore, the correct answer is Uracil (Choice C).

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