Nursing Elites

1. What term is used to refer to the fertilized ovum?

• A. Zygote
• B. Embryo
• C. Foetus
• D. Pregnancy

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Zygote. A zygote is formed when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell. It is the initial stage of prenatal development. Choice B, Embryo, refers to the stage of prenatal development after the zygote and before the foetus. Choice C, Foetus, is the stage of prenatal development after the embryo. Choice D, Pregnancy, is a broader term referring to the condition of having a developing baby in the uterus.

2. Which one is not a barrier method for birth control?

• A. Diaphragms
• B. Cervical caps
• C. Vaults
• D. Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Intrauterine Devices (IUDs). Barrier methods of birth control physically block sperm from reaching the egg. Diaphragms, cervical caps, and vaults are examples of barrier methods as they create a barrier that prevents sperm from reaching the cervix. In contrast, IUDs work by altering the cervical mucus and uterine lining, making it difficult for sperm to reach the egg, but they do not physically block sperm like barrier methods do.

3. Which of the following tests is positive in pelvic inflammatory disease?

• A. Cervical excitation test
• B. Chadwick sign
• C. Jacquiners sign
• D. Palmers sign

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cervical excitation test. The cervical excitation test is positive in pelvic inflammatory disease. This test involves pain or tenderness upon movement of the cervix, indicating inflammation of the pelvic organs. Chadwick sign (choice B) refers to a bluish discoloration of the cervix, vagina, and labia due to increased vascularity and is not a test for PID. Jacquiners sign (choice C) and Palmers sign (choice D) are not recognized clinical signs or tests for PID, making them incorrect choices.

4. The GIFT technique is recommended for which of the following females?

• A. Females who cannot produce an ovum
• B. Females who cannot provide a suitable environment for fertilization
• C. Females who cannot retain the embryo inside the uterus
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, 'All of the above.' The GIFT technique is recommended for females who cannot produce an ovum, provide a suitable environment for fertilization, or retain the embryo inside the uterus. This technique involves transferring the unfertilized eggs and sperm directly into the fallopian tube, bypassing the need for the ovum to travel through the fallopian tube. Choices A, B, and C all represent different scenarios where the GIFT technique would be a suitable option, making option D the correct choice.

5. How can menopause affect health?

• A. Causing conjunctivitis
• B. Leading to colitis or bowel upsets
• C. Increasing the risk of cancer
• D. Triggering urinary infections

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Menopause can lead to changes in the urinary tract, such as decreased estrogen levels, which can increase the likelihood of urinary tract infections. While menopause can impact various aspects of health, including bone density and heart health, it is not directly linked to conjunctivitis, colitis, or an increased risk of cancer. Therefore, the correct answer is D.

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