synthesis of carbohydrates lipids and steroid hormones are functions of which of the following
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Biology Practice Test

1. Which of the following is responsible for the synthesis of carbohydrates, lipids, and steroid hormones?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the correct answer. It is responsible for the synthesis of lipids, including steroids, and also plays a role in carbohydrate metabolism. The rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in protein synthesis and processing, not lipid or carbohydrate synthesis. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging of proteins and lipids, but not for their synthesis. Ribosomes are the cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis, not lipid or carbohydrate synthesis.

2. The cellular membrane contributes to all except which of the following?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The cellular membrane is involved in regulating cell permeability, communication, and protection. However, it is not directly involved in energy production. Choice A is the correct answer because the cellular membrane does not produce energy; instead, it regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the cell. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the cell membrane plays key roles in controlling what enters and exits the cell, facilitating communication between cells, and providing structural support and protection to the cell.

3. What is the composition of the cellular membrane?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The cellular membrane is primarily composed of a phospholipid bilayer, which consists of two layers of phospholipid molecules. These molecules have a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and hydrophobic (water-repelling) tail, creating a barrier that separates the internal cellular environment from the external surroundings. While proteins are embedded within this bilayer and act as transport channels, receptors, and structural support, carbohydrates are found on the outer surface of the membrane for cell recognition and signaling purposes. Therefore, the correct answer is a bilayer of phospholipid molecules.

4. What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Saturated fatty acids contain no double bonds between the carbon atoms in their hydrocarbon chains, making them more solid at room temperature. Choice A is incorrect because there is a significant difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Choice B is incorrect as it inaccurately states that saturated fatty acids contain double bonds, which is a property of unsaturated fatty acids. Choice C is also incorrect as saturated fatty acids do not contain double bonds, let alone two or more pairs of double bonds.

5. Which of the following describes the set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process in cells that converts biochemical energy from nutrients into ATP and releases waste products. This process occurs in the mitochondria of the cell. Choice B, Meiosis, is a type of cell division that produces gametes with half the chromosome number. Choice C, Photosynthesis, is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy to produce glucose. Choice D, Mitosis, is a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells with identical sets of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Similar Questions

Which cell structure is responsible for efficiently packaging DNA into a small volume to fit into the nucleus of a cell and protect the DNA structure and sequence?
Protein synthesis begins with a process known as transcription. What is produced during this process?
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In meiosis, the chromosome number is reduced from:
Water is held together by which of the following bonds?

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