Nursing Elites

1. Risk of endometrial hyperplasia is greatest in individuals who do not menstruate for at least _____ months and require immediate referral:

• A. 2 months
• B. 3 months
• C. 4 months
• D. 5 months

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: '4 months.' The risk of endometrial hyperplasia is highest in individuals who do not menstruate for at least 4 months. This prolonged exposure to unopposed estrogen can lead to endometrial hyperplasia. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the risk is greatest after at least 4 months of not menstruating, not 2, 3, or 5 months.

2. Discuss the anatomical/physiological changes in pregnancy related to the breasts.

• A. Breast tenderness increases, circulatory supply to the breasts increases, leading to breast enlargement, and colostrum secretion occurs.
• B. Breast tenderness decreases, and there is no significant change in breast size.
• C. Breast changes include decreased tenderness and reduced circulatory supply.
• D. Breasts do not undergo significant changes during pregnancy.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During pregnancy, the breasts undergo significant anatomical and physiological changes. These changes include increased breast tenderness, an increase in circulatory supply to the breasts, resulting in breast enlargement, and the secretion of colostrum. Choice B is incorrect as breast tenderness actually increases during pregnancy. Choice C is incorrect as the circulatory supply to the breasts increases rather than reduces. Choice D is incorrect as breasts do undergo notable changes during pregnancy.

3. Which hormone is released from the testes?

• A. Progesterone
• B. Vasopressin
• C. Testosterone
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is testosterone. Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone produced in the testes. Progesterone is a female sex hormone primarily produced in the ovaries, not in the testes. Vasopressin is a hormone released by the pituitary gland to regulate water balance in the body, not produced by the testes. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect.

4. Which of the following are outcomes of an ectopic pregnancy EXCEPT?

• A. Tubal abortion
• B. Tubal rupture
• C. Intra-tubal bleeding
• D. Secondary abdominal pregnancy

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus. Common outcomes include tubal abortion (spontaneous termination of ectopic pregnancy within the fallopian tube), tubal rupture (rupture of the fallopian tube leading to internal bleeding), and intra-tubal bleeding. Secondary abdominal pregnancy, on the other hand, is a rare occurrence and not a typical outcome of an ectopic pregnancy. It involves the implantation of a fertilized egg in the peritoneal cavity rather than the uterus.

5. What is the most common symptom in all clinical types of abortion EXCEPT:

• A. Lower abdominal pain
• B. Per vaginal bleeding
• C. Show
• D. Backache

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. 'Show' is not a common symptom in all types of abortion. Lower abdominal pain, per vaginal bleeding, and backache are common symptoms associated with abortion. Lower abdominal pain may result from uterine contractions, per vaginal bleeding is a typical presentation, and backache can be a symptom due to the process of abortion. 'Show' refers to the mucus plug that blocks the cervix during pregnancy and is not a typical symptom of abortion.

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