Nursing Elites

1. Why is it important to involve both men and women in many aspects of the RH program?

• A. Promote responsible and caring attitudes and behavior for the benefit of all
• B. Prevent abuse of pregnant women
• C. Minimize sexually transmitted diseases
• D. Promote love and care among couples

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Involving both men and women in the RH program is crucial to promote responsible and caring attitudes and behavior for the benefit of all. This inclusive approach ensures that diverse perspectives are considered, leading to better outcomes and fostering a sense of shared responsibility. While preventing abuse of pregnant women is important, it is just one aspect of the broader goal of promoting overall well-being. Similarly, minimizing sexually transmitted diseases is crucial but not the sole reason for involving both genders. Promoting love and care among couples is desirable, but the primary focus should be on fostering responsible and caring attitudes for the benefit of all individuals involved in reproductive health programs.

2. Which of the following hormones promotes endometrial growth?

• A. LH
• B. FSH
• C. Estrogen
• D. Progesterone

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Estrogen is the hormone responsible for promoting endometrial growth. Estrogen helps thicken the endometrium during the menstrual cycle in preparation for implantation. LH (Choice A) and FSH (Choice B) are involved in regulating the menstrual cycle but do not directly promote endometrial growth. Progesterone (Choice D) is important for maintaining the endometrium after ovulation but is not the primary hormone responsible for promoting its growth.

3. Amniocentesis, a prenatal diagnostic test used to determine fetal sex, genetic anomalies, and biochemical abnormalities, is based on:

• A. The karyotyping of the amniotic fluid
• B. Chorionic villus sampling
• C. Umbilical cord blood sampling
• D. Ultrasound

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Amniocentesis involves the analysis of the fetal cells present in the amniotic fluid, which is extracted from the amniotic sac surrounding the developing fetus. This fluid contains cells shed by the fetus, which can be cultured and analyzed to obtain a karyotype, providing information about the fetal sex, genetic anomalies, and biochemical abnormalities. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because chorionic villus sampling involves obtaining a sample of the chorionic villi from the placenta, not the amniotic fluid; umbilical cord blood sampling is typically used for other purposes like assessing the baby's blood for infections or genetic disorders; and ultrasound is a diagnostic imaging technique that does not involve the analysis of fetal cells for genetic information.

4. The upper folds of the labia minora surround the clitoris and unite to form the:

• A. Frenulum
• B. Prepuce
• C. Fourchette
• D. Vestibule

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prepuce. The upper folds of the labia minora surround the clitoris and unite to form the prepuce, which is a hood-like structure protecting the clitoris. The frenulum (choice A) is a small fold of tissue under the tongue or upper lip, not related to the female genitalia. The fourchette (choice C) refers to the area where the labia minora meet at the posterior end of the vulva, not involving the clitoris. The vestibule (choice D) is the space between the labia minora containing the vaginal and urethral openings, not directly formed by the upper folds of the labia minora.

5. Total Fertility Rate is at 6.2 births per woman in Zambia. This implies that:

• A. Zambian women will give birth to 6.2 children on average during their childbearing years.
• B. 6.2% of the time she will be pregnant during her childbearing years.
• C. 6.2% of her deliveries will not be successful.
• D. 6.2% of women will require medical intervention to become pregnant.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A Total Fertility Rate of 6.2 means that a woman will give birth to an average of 6.2 children during her childbearing years. The correct answer is A as it accurately reflects the concept of Total Fertility Rate. Choice B is incorrect as it misinterprets the concept by equating it to a percentage of time being pregnant. Choice C is incorrect as it does not relate to the Total Fertility Rate but rather to the success rate of deliveries. Choice D is incorrect as it introduces the idea of medical intervention, which is not directly related to the Total Fertility Rate.

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