Nursing Elites

1. How many autosomes does a human primary spermatocyte have?

• A. 34
• B. 44
• C. 54
• D. 33

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A human primary spermatocyte has 44 autosomes. Autosomes are chromosomes that are not involved in determining an individual's sex. In humans, there are a total of 46 chromosomes in a somatic cell, with 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes. Therefore, the correct answer is 44 autosomes, making choice B the correct answer. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the accurate number of autosomes in a human primary spermatocyte.

2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of an ideal contraceptive?

• A. Irreversible
• B. Easily available
• C. User-friendly
• D. Effective with least side effects

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Irreversible.' An ideal contraceptive should not be irreversible because it should allow individuals to have the option to discontinue its use if desired. Choices B, C, and D are characteristics of an ideal contraceptive. Contraceptives should be easily available to ensure widespread accessibility, user-friendly to promote proper and consistent use, and effective with minimal side effects to maximize safety and tolerability.

3. What is the estimated percentage of deaths due to unsafe abortions from 591 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births?

• A. 0.1
• B. 0.2
• C. 0.3
• D. 0.4

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To calculate the estimated percentage of deaths due to unsafe abortions, you divide the number of deaths due to unsafe abortions by the total number of maternal deaths and then multiply by 100 to get the percentage. In this case, with 591 maternal deaths and 40% estimated to be due to unsafe abortions, the calculation is (591 * 0.4) / 100, which equals 2.36. Therefore, the estimated percentage of deaths due to unsafe abortions from 591 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births is 0.4 or 40%. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect percentages that do not reflect the provided information.

4. What are the Carunculae Myrtiformes?

• A. Tissues between the vagina and the perineum
• B. A component of the clitoral prepuce
• C. The remnants of the torn hymen
• D. Structures that partially close the vaginal introitus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The Carunculae Myrtiformes are the remnants of the torn hymen. They are not tissues between the vagina and the perineum (Choice A), a part of the clitoral prepuce (Choice B), or structures that partially close the vaginal introitus (Choice D). Understanding the anatomy of the female reproductive system is crucial for healthcare professionals to provide accurate care and information.

5. _______ is a lytic enzyme released by the sperm.

• A. Hyaluronidase
• B. Trypsin
• C. Helicase
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hyaluronidase is the correct answer. It is a lytic enzyme released by the sperm to help penetrate the egg's protective layer. Trypsin is a digestive enzyme produced in the pancreas, not released by sperm. Helicase is an enzyme involved in DNA replication, not released by sperm. 'None of the above' is incorrect as hyaluronidase fits the description provided in the question.

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