Nursing Elites

1. A public health nurse is planning a campaign to increase immunization rates among children in a low-income community. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?

• A. Provide free immunizations at local schools
• B. Create educational materials about vaccine safety
• C. Organize a community forum to discuss immunization concerns
• D. Partner with local media to promote the importance of vaccines

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide free immunizations at local schools. This intervention directly addresses financial barriers and increases accessibility for families in low-income communities. By offering free immunizations at local schools, the nurse can ensure that more children receive the necessary vaccines without worrying about the cost. Choice B, creating educational materials, may be helpful but may not directly address the financial barriers that low-income families face. Choice C, organizing a community forum, can be beneficial for addressing concerns but may not result in immediate action to increase immunization rates. Choice D, partnering with local media, can help raise awareness but may not directly provide the solution of making immunizations more accessible by removing financial barriers.

2. A client with a history of hypertension is admitted with a blood pressure of 200/120 mm Hg. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer?

• A. Metoprolol (Lopressor).
• B. Furosemide (Lasix).
• C. Lisinopril (Zestril).
• D. Nitroprusside (Nipride).

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Nitroprusside (Nipride). In this scenario of severe hypertension (200/120 mm Hg), a hypertensive emergency is present, requiring rapid reduction of blood pressure. Nitroprusside is a vasodilator that acts quickly to lower blood pressure in such emergencies. Options A, B, and C are incorrect: A) Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that lowers blood pressure but is not indicated for hypertensive emergencies requiring rapid reduction. B) Furosemide is a diuretic that helps with fluid retention but does not rapidly lower blood pressure. C) Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor used for long-term management of hypertension, not for immediate reduction in hypertensive emergencies.

3. The nurse determines that a client's body weight is 105% above the standardized height-weight scale. Which related factor should the nurse include in the nursing problem, 'Imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements'?

• A. Hypertension.
• B. Diabetes mellitus.
• C. Inadequate lifestyle changes in diet and exercise.
• D. Increased risk of chronic illnesses.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Inadequate lifestyle changes in diet and exercise.' When a client's weight exceeds the standardized height-weight scale significantly, it indicates an imbalance between nutrition intake and energy expenditure, leading to 'Imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements.' Inadequate lifestyle changes in diet and exercise directly contribute to this imbalance by promoting excessive caloric intake and reduced physical activity. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because while conditions like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and increased risk of chronic illnesses may be consequences of imbalanced nutrition, they are not the direct related factor that should be included in formulating the nursing problem.

4. A public health nurse is evaluating a program designed to reduce the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among teenagers. Which outcome indicates that the program is successful?

• A. increased attendance at educational sessions on STIs
• B. higher rates of condom use among teenagers
• C. more teenagers seeking testing for STIs
• D. greater knowledge of STI prevention methods

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: higher rates of condom use among teenagers. This outcome indicates that the teenagers are adopting safer sexual practices, which can effectively reduce the incidence of STIs. Increased attendance at educational sessions (Choice A) may show interest but does not directly reflect behavior change. More teenagers seeking testing for STIs (Choice C) indicates awareness but not necessarily prevention. Greater knowledge of STI prevention methods (Choice D) is valuable but does not guarantee behavioral change like increased condom use.

5. A public health nurse is working with a community to improve vaccination rates. Which intervention is most likely to be effective?

• A. Setting up vaccination clinics in accessible locations
• B. Distributing flyers with information about vaccines
• C. Offering incentives for getting vaccinated
• D. Partnering with local businesses to promote vaccination

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Setting up vaccination clinics in accessible locations is the most effective intervention to improve vaccination rates. This intervention ensures easy access to vaccination services for community members, removing barriers such as transportation or time constraints. Distributing flyers (Choice B) may increase awareness but may not directly address access issues. Offering incentives (Choice C) might temporarily boost vaccination rates but may not lead to sustained behavior change. Partnering with local businesses (Choice D) could be beneficial for promotion but may not directly impact vaccination accessibility.

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