Nursing Elites

1. A client with hyperthyroidism is being treated with radioactive iodine. The nurse should teach the client to expect which of the following side effects?

• A. Increased heart rate
• B. Hypothyroidism
• C. Hypercalcemia
• D. Weight loss

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a client with hyperthyroidism undergoes radioactive iodine treatment, it often leads to hypothyroidism due to the destruction of thyroid tissue. This occurs as a desired outcome of the treatment to reduce the overactive thyroid function. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Increased heart rate, hypercalcemia, and weight loss are not expected side effects of radioactive iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism. Instead, the goal is to suppress the overactive thyroid, leading to a hypothyroid state.

2. A client with DM is being taught about the importance of foot care by a nurse. Which instruction should the nurse include?

• A. Use a heating pad to warm your feet.
• B. Avoid walking barefoot.
• C. Soak your feet in hot water every night.
• D. Wear tight shoes to protect your feet.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to include is to advise the client to avoid walking barefoot. This recommendation is crucial for clients with diabetes to prevent foot injuries and infections. Walking barefoot can lead to unnoticed wounds or ulcers due to reduced sensation in the feet (neuropathy) common in diabetes. Choice A is incorrect as heating pads can cause burns and should be avoided. Choice C is incorrect because soaking feet in hot water can also lead to burns and skin damage. Choice D is incorrect as tight shoes can increase the risk of pressure sores and restrict blood flow, which is detrimental for individuals with diabetes.

3. Which advice is most beneficial for a new nurse manager?

• A. Strive to embody the manager your staff desires while also aligning with your administration's expectations.
• B. Keep in mind that it may take 6 months to feel at ease in a new role.
• C. Begin by mentoring other novice nurse managers.
• D. Participate in substantial personal growth endeavors.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The most helpful advice for a new nurse manager is to understand that it can take up to 6 months to feel comfortable in a new position. This allows the individual to manage their expectations and give themselves time to adapt to their new role. Choice A may be overwhelming and could cause conflicting priorities for the new nurse manager. Choice C, while valuable, might not be the immediate focus for someone new to the role. Choice D, although important, may not be as time-sensitive as the adjustment period in the new position.

4. The client with type 1 DM asks why it is necessary to rotate injection sites when managing insulin therapy. The nurse's best response is:

• A. It helps prevent skin irritation.
• B. It helps prevent scar tissue buildup.
• C. It ensures more consistent insulin absorption.
• D. It makes the injections less painful.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rotating injection sites is necessary to ensure more consistent insulin absorption. This practice helps maintain stable blood glucose levels by preventing the formation of lipohypertrophy (fatty lumps under the skin) at injection sites. Choices A and B are incorrect as the primary purpose of rotating injection sites is not focused on preventing skin irritation or scar tissue buildup. While rotating injection sites may contribute to reducing pain over time, the primary benefit is the consistency in insulin absorption to support glycemic control, making choice D less relevant.

5. During a class on exercise for diabetic clients, a female client asks the nurse educator how often to exercise. The nurse educator advises the clients to exercise how often to meet the goals of planned exercise?

• A. At least once a week
• B. At least three times a week
• C. At least five times a week
• D. Every day

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Exercising at least five times a week is recommended to meet the goals of planned exercise for diabetic clients. This frequency helps in managing blood sugar levels effectively and improving overall health. Exercising once a week (Choice A) may not provide sufficient benefits or consistency required for diabetic clients. Exercising three times a week (Choice B) is better but may still fall short of the recommended frequency for optimal outcomes. Exercising every day (Choice D) may lead to burnout or overtraining if not properly balanced with rest days, which could be counterproductive for diabetic clients.

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