a client is scheduled for a colonoscopy which of these instructions should the nurse provide

HESI RN

HESI Nutrition Practice Exam

1. A client is scheduled for a colonoscopy. Which of these instructions should the nurse provide?

A. You should avoid eating or drinking anything after midnight the day before the test.
B. You may have a light breakfast the morning of the test.
C. You will need to drink a bowel preparation solution the day before the test.
D. You will need to avoid taking any medications the day before the test.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'You will need to drink a bowel preparation solution the day before the test.' Before a colonoscopy, it is essential to cleanse the colon thoroughly by drinking a bowel preparation solution. This helps to ensure that the colon is clear for the procedure, allowing for better visualization and examination of the colon. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because avoiding eating or drinking after midnight, having a light breakfast, and avoiding medications are not specific instructions related to the colonoscopy preparation process.

2. Which statement best describes the effects of immobility in children?

A. Immobility prevents the progression of language and fine motor development
B. Immobility in children has similar physical effects to those found in adults
C. Children are more susceptible to the effects of immobility than adults are
D. Children are likely to have prolonged immobility with subsequent complications

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Immobility in children indeed has physical effects similar to those found in adults. However, it can also significantly impact their development and growth. Choice A is incorrect because immobility does not solely prevent language and fine motor development but affects various aspects. Choice C is incorrect as susceptibility to the effects of immobility may vary between children and adults depending on individual factors. Choice D is incorrect as not all children are likely to have prolonged immobility with subsequent complications.

3. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about food choice with the mother of an 8-month-old infant. Which of the following statements by the mother indicates a need for further teaching?

A. I will give my child peanut butter and mashed egg whites.
B. I will give my child rice cereal and crackers.
C. I will give my child pureed liver and strained pears.
D. I will give my child applesauce and green peas.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because peanut butter and egg whites are not recommended for infants under 12 months due to the risk of choking and allergies. Choices B, C, and D are appropriate food choices for an 8-month-old infant. Rice cereal, crackers, pureed liver, strained pears, applesauce, and green peas are all suitable options for introducing solid foods to infants.

4. An antibiotic IM injection for a 2-year-old child is ordered. The total volume of the injection equals 2.0 ml. The correct action is to

A. administer the medication in 2 separate injections
B. give the medication in the ventrogluteal site
C. call to get a smaller volume ordered
D. check with the pharmacy for a liquid form of the medication

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Administering the medication in 2 separate injections is the correct action. When the total volume of an injection is relatively large for a specific site, dividing it into smaller volumes and administering them separately is a safer practice to prevent discomfort, tissue damage, or absorption issues. Giving the medication in the ventrogluteal site can be appropriate for IM injections but does not address the issue of the total volume being too high for a single injection. Calling to get a smaller volume ordered may delay treatment and is not necessary when a safe administration method is available. Checking with the pharmacy for a liquid form of the medication does not directly address the issue of the total volume being too high for a single injection, and changing the formulation may not be necessary if the correct administration technique can be applied.

5. What should a client with diarrhea avoid consuming?

A. Orange juice
B. Tuna
C. Eggs
D. Macaroni

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A client with diarrhea should avoid consuming orange juice. Orange juice is high in sugar content, which can worsen diarrhea symptoms by drawing water into the intestines, potentially leading to further dehydration and discomfort. Tuna, eggs, and macaroni are generally well-tolerated and do not exacerbate diarrhea symptoms, making them more suitable food choices for individuals experiencing diarrhea.