basal body temperature rise of is seen in the luteal phase due to thermogenic effects of a metabolite of progesterone in a normal cycle

HESI RN

Reproductive Health Exam

1. Basal body temperature rise of _____ is seen in the luteal phase due to the thermogenic effects of a metabolite of progesterone in a normal cycle:

A. 0.1-0.5
B. 0.2-0.5
C. 1.0-2.0
D. 1.5-2.0

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A basal body temperature rise of 0.2-0.5 degrees Celsius is typically seen in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle due to the thermogenic effects of a metabolite of progesterone. This temperature rise helps to indicate ovulation has occurred. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the usual range of temperature increase observed during the luteal phase. A rise of 0.1-0.5 degrees Celsius is too narrow (eliminating choice A), while ranges of 1.0-2.0 and 1.5-2.0 degrees Celsius are too high and not consistent with the expected basal body temperature changes during the menstrual cycle.

2. Which group of the population does the Maternal nutrition component of IRH improve?

A. Women and adolescent girls
B. Pregnant women alone
C. Pregnant women and all children under five
D. All adolescents

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Women and adolescent girls. Maternal nutrition programs typically target women of reproductive age and adolescent girls to improve their health outcomes. Option B is incorrect because maternal nutrition initiatives extend beyond just pregnant women. Option C is incorrect because the focus is not on all children under five but specifically on women and adolescent girls. Option D is incorrect because the program does not target all adolescents, but rather women and adolescent girls.

3. Which of the following hormone ratios is MOST likely to be increased in a patient with PCOS?

A. Progesterone/estrogen
B. LH/FSH
C. FSH/LH
D. Glucagon/insulin

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), the LH/FSH ratio is most likely to be increased. This hormonal imbalance is a key characteristic of PCOS, where elevated LH levels relative to FSH contribute to the pathophysiology of the condition. Choice A, progesterone/estrogen ratio, is not typically a defining feature of PCOS. Choice C, FSH/LH ratio, is the reverse of what is commonly observed in PCOS. Choice D, glucagon/insulin ratio, is not directly related to the hormonal imbalances seen in PCOS.

4. Incomplete abortion is characterized by:

A. Heavy bleeding.
B. Open os.
C. Severe cramping.
D. Light bleeding.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Incomplete abortion is characterized by an open os, which means that the cervix is dilated, allowing for passage of tissue. This condition typically presents with heavy bleeding as parts of the products of conception are expelled. Severe cramping may also be present due to uterine contractions. Therefore, the correct characteristic of incomplete abortion is an open os (Choice B). Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as heavy bleeding and severe cramping are symptoms associated with incomplete abortion, but they do not specifically define it, and light bleeding is not characteristic of incomplete abortion.

5. Which of the following is an example of a viviparous animal?

A. Goat
B. Duck
C. Crocodile
D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, goat. Viviparous animals give birth to live young ones instead of laying eggs. Ducks and crocodiles are oviparous, meaning they lay eggs, making them incorrect choices. 'None of the above' is incorrect because goats are a valid example of viviparous animals.