Nursing Elites

1. Which nursing action promotes psychosocial development for a newborn?

• A. Washing hands before holding the newborn
• B. Measuring the newborn using an approved length board
• C. Weighing the newborn on the same scale during hospitalization
• D. Placing the newborn in the mother's arms during the first hour of life

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Placing the newborn in the mother's arms during the first hour of life is a crucial nursing action that promotes psychosocial development by fostering bonding between the newborn and the mother. This skin-to-skin contact enhances emotional attachment, facilitates breastfeeding initiation, and provides a sense of security for the newborn. It helps in regulating the newborn's temperature, heart rate, and breathing, promoting overall well-being. Washing hands before holding the newborn is essential for infection prevention and control to maintain the newborn's health and safety. Measuring the newborn using an approved length board and weighing the newborn on the same scale during hospitalization are assessments aimed at monitoring the newborn's physical growth and development, rather than directly promoting psychosocial well-being.

2. When administering medications through a nasogastric tube connected to low intermittent suction, which action should the nurse do first?

• A. Clamp the nasogastric tube
• B. Confirm placement of the tube
• C. Use a syringe to instill the medications
• D. Turn off the intermittent suction device

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When administering medications through a nasogastric tube connected to low intermittent suction, the nurse should first turn off the intermittent suction device. This step is crucial to prevent the medications from being immediately suctioned out before they can be absorbed. Clamping the nasogastric tube is not the initial action because it may cause pressure buildup and lead to complications. Confirming the placement of the tube is important but should not be the first step in this scenario. Using a syringe to instill the medications comes after ensuring the suction is turned off to enable proper administration and absorption of the medications.

3. Before discharging an anxious client, which information about anxiety would the nurse teach the family?

• A. Anxiety is a totally unique feeling and experience.
• B. Apprehension is generalized to the total environment.
• C. Fears result from conscious actions, thoughts, and wishes.
• D. Anxiety is a pattern of emotional and behavioral responses to stress.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Anxiety is a human response consisting of both physical and emotional changes that everyone experiences when faced with stressful situations. It is a pattern of emotional and behavioral responses to stress. Anxiety is a common experience for many individuals. Apprehension is usually related to a specific aspect of the environment rather than the total environment. Fears are not intentionally or consciously generated.

4. While receiving a preoperative enema, a client starts to cry and says, 'I'm sorry you have to do this messy thing for me.' Which is the nurse's best response?

• A. I don't mind it.'
• B. 'You seem upset.'
• C. 'This is part of my job.'
• D. 'Nurses get used to this.'

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The nurse's best response in this situation is to acknowledge the client's emotional state, as it shows empathy and encourages further expression of feelings. Choice A, 'I don't mind it,' dismisses the client's emotions and does not address the underlying issue. Choice C, 'This is part of my job,' focuses on the task rather than the client's emotional needs. Choice D, 'Nurses get used to this,' minimizes the client's feelings and lacks empathy. By selecting choice B, 'You seem upset,' the nurse acknowledges the client's distress and opens the door for further communication and support.

5. A client decides to have hospice care rather than undergo an extensive surgical procedure. Which ethical principle does the client's behavior illustrate?

• A. Justice
• B. Veracity
• C. Autonomy
• D. Beneficence

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Autonomy.' Autonomy refers to an individual's right to make decisions about their own care. In this scenario, the client is choosing hospice care over surgery, demonstrating their autonomy in making healthcare choices. Justice involves fairness and equality in the distribution of resources and services, which is not the primary ethical principle illustrated in this case. Veracity pertains to truthfulness and honesty, which is not directly related to the client's decision-making process. Beneficence refers to the duty to do good and act in the best interest of the patient, which is not the central ethical principle demonstrated by the client's decision for hospice care.

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