NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Exam Prep
1. Nursing care plans contain which of the following?
- A. nursing diagnoses
- B. medical diagnoses.
- C. MD orders.
- D. intake and output forms
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Nursing care plans are legal documents that contain nursing diagnoses, such as an "Alteration of respiratory function". They also contain patient goals and nursing interventions.
2. In which of the following ways can a healthcare provider promote the sense of taste for an older adult?
- A. Mixing foods together on the dinner tray
- B. Avoiding cologne, air fresheners, or room deodorizers
- C. Encouraging the client to chew food thoroughly
- D. Discouraging the use of salt or seasonings with prepared food
Correct answer: C
Rationale: As individuals age, their sense of taste may diminish, impacting the enjoyment of eating. One effective way for a healthcare provider to promote the sense of taste for an older adult is by encouraging them to chew food thoroughly. Thorough chewing increases the contact of food with the taste buds, enhancing the chances of experiencing the flavors. Mixing foods together on the dinner tray may not necessarily enhance taste perception. Avoiding strong scents like cologne, air fresheners, or room deodorizers is more related to olfactory senses rather than taste. Discouraging the use of salt or seasonings can further diminish the taste experience for older adults who may already have reduced taste sensitivity.
3. A client is preparing to irrigate a colostomy. Which of the following situations is a contraindication for this type of irrigation?
- A. The client has an incontinent ostomy
- B. The client has an irregular bowel routine
- C. The client has diverticulitis
- D. The colostomy bag contains fecal material
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When a client with a colostomy is preparing for irrigation, it is essential to consider contraindications that could pose risks or worsen the client's condition. Diverticulitis is a contraindication for colostomy irrigation because the inflamed diverticula could be further irritated by the flushing action during irrigation, potentially leading to complications. An incontinent ostomy, irregular bowel routine, or presence of fecal material in the colostomy bag are not specific contraindications for irrigation and can be managed through appropriate techniques and interventions.
4. Which of the following is a disadvantage of using a dry heat application?
- A. Dry heat is more likely to cause burns than moist heat
- B. Dry heat does not penetrate deeply into the tissues
- C. Dry heat causes the skin to dry out more quickly
- D. Dry heat can quickly cause skin breakdown
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is that dry heat causes the skin to dry out more quickly. When comparing dry and moist heat applications, dry heat is less likely to cause burns and skin breakdown. However, one of the disadvantages of dry heat is that it does not penetrate deeply into the tissues and may lead to faster drying out of the skin. This can have negative effects on skin integrity and overall comfort during therapy. Choice A is incorrect because dry heat is less likely to cause burns than moist heat. Choice B is incorrect as dry heat may not penetrate deeply into tissues. Choice D is incorrect as dry heat is less likely to cause skin breakdown compared to moist heat.
5. The supervising RN asks you to bring the unit's collected lab specimens to the lab 'stat'. You should ______________.
- A. not decline this task because nurses do not handle 'stats'.
- B. run this errand as promptly as possible
- C. run this errand immediately and without delay
- D. Complete this task before the end of your shift or after your lunch.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In healthcare settings, 'stat' is commonly used to indicate that something should be done immediately and without any delay. It is a critical term used to prioritize urgent tasks. Nurses are responsible for various tasks, including handling urgent requests such as transporting lab specimens promptly. Option A is incorrect as nurses can handle urgent tasks like 'stats'. Option B is not as specific as option C, which clearly emphasizes the need for immediate action. Option D is incorrect as it suggests delaying the task until later, which goes against the urgency implied by the term 'stat'.
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