Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is preparing to change a client's dressing for a burn wound on his foot. Which of the following interventions is appropriate for this process?

• A. Wash the wound with cleanser, rinse, and pat dry
• B. Bind the wound tightly, secure with tape, and elevate the foot
• C. Contact the physician after the dressing change is complete
• D. Provide analgesics for the client after the procedure

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When changing the dressing for a burn wound, it is essential to follow appropriate interventions to prevent infection, reduce pain, and support healing. In this scenario, after removing the old dressing, it is crucial to wash the wound gently with a suitable cleanser, rinse the area thoroughly, and then pat it dry. This process helps in maintaining cleanliness, reducing the risk of infection, and providing a conducive environment for healing. Binding the wound tightly (Choice B) can impede circulation and delay healing. Contacting the physician after the dressing change (Choice C) may be necessary in specific situations but is not a standard step in routine dressing changes. Providing analgesics after the procedure (Choice D) is important for pain management but is not directly related to the dressing change itself.

2. The nurse is comparing the concepts of religion and spirituality. Which statement describes an appropriate component of one's spirituality?

• A. Belief in and worship of God or gods
• B. Being closely tied to one's ethnic background
• C. Attendance at a specific church or place of worship
• D. A connection with something larger than oneself and belief in transcendence

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Spirituality refers to a connection with something larger than oneself and a belief in transcendence. The other responses do not apply to spirituality. Choice A, 'Belief in and worship of God or gods,' and choice C, 'Attendance at a specific church or place of worship,' are more aligned with religious practices. Choice B, 'Being closely tied to one's ethnic background,' is not a defining aspect of spirituality or religion as it pertains more to cultural identity rather than spiritual beliefs.

3. Which of the following questions is considered open-ended?

• A. What time did you last take your medications?
• B. Are you feeling okay right now?
• C. Please describe your symptoms.
• D. What day are you available for a follow-up appointment?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Please describe your symptoms.' This question is considered open-ended because it encourages the respondent to provide a detailed and descriptive answer, fostering a more elaborate response. Open-ended questions are designed to prompt thoughtful and detailed responses. Choice A is a closed-ended question since it seeks a specific time for the medication intake. Choice B is also closed-ended as it can be answered with a simple 'yes' or 'no,' limiting the response. Choice D is closed-ended as it requests a specific day for the follow-up appointment, restricting the range of possible responses.

4. While auscultating heart sounds, the nurse hears a murmur. Which of these instruments would be used to assess this murmur?

• A. Electrocardiogram
• B. Bell of the stethoscope
• C. Diaphragm of the stethoscope
• D. Palpation with the nurse's palm of the hand

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct instrument to assess a murmur while auscultating heart sounds is the bell of the stethoscope. An electrocardiogram is used to measure the heart's electrical activity, not to assess murmurs. Palpation with the nurse's palm of the hand is a method to assess pulses or textures, not heart murmurs. The diaphragm of the stethoscope is typically used for high-pitched sounds like breath, bowel, and normal heart sounds, whereas the bell is more suitable for soft, low-pitched sounds such as murmurs or extra heart sounds.

5. As a valued member of the team on your nursing care unit, you are trying to determine whether the team is doing well. Which of the following is a sign that your team is successful?

• A. Conflict occurs but is seen as an opportunity for team growth and development.
• B. No negative feelings are expressed, leading to everyone being happy and satisfied.
• C. Mistakes are not tolerated and result in disciplinary action.
• D. People avoid taking risks and stick to the status quo.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: One of the key indicators of a successful team is the ability to handle conflict positively. Conflict, when managed well, can lead to team growth and development. Choice B is incorrect because suppressing negative feelings does not indicate team success; open communication is crucial. Choice C is incorrect as successful teams view mistakes as learning opportunities rather than resorting to disciplinary action. Choice D is incorrect because successful teams are often innovative and willing to take risks rather than maintaining the status quo.

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