Nursing Elites

1. Which word choices will correctly complete the sentence? Increasing the price of bus fares has had a greater effect on ridership than expected.

• A. affect; then
• B. affect; than
• C. effect; then
• D. effect; than

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In this sentence, 'effect' is the correct word as it refers to the result of increasing bus fares. Additionally, 'than' is used for making comparisons, which is appropriate in this context. 'Affect' is incorrect as it is a verb, not a noun, and 'then' is incorrect as it should be 'than' to show the comparison between the actual outcome and the expected outcome.

2. The hypothalamus, a part of the brain, plays a crucial role in endocrine regulation. It secretes GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing hormone) which stimulates the pituitary gland to produce FSH and LH. What is the MAIN function of FSH and LH?

• A. Regulate blood sugar levels
• B. Control growth and development
• C. Stimulate the fight-or-flight response
• D. Maintain calcium homeostasis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: FSH (Follicle-stimulating hormone) and LH (Luteinizing hormone) are hormones produced by the pituitary gland in response to GnRH from the hypothalamus. FSH plays a key role in the growth and development of ovarian follicles in females and sperm production in males. LH is essential for the maturation of the ovarian follicle, ovulation, and the formation of the corpus luteum in females, as well as the production of testosterone in males. Therefore, the main function of FSH and LH is to control growth and development in the reproductive system. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the roles of FSH and LH in reproductive physiology. Regulating blood sugar levels is primarily the function of insulin and glucagon, controlling the fight-or-flight response involves hormones like adrenaline and noradrenaline, and maintaining calcium homeostasis is mainly regulated by parathyroid hormone and calcitonin.

3. Which of the following statements contains colloquialisms?

• A. If you don't mind, could we meet later?
• B. I thoroughly enjoyed your class.
• C. Let's hang out later. I need to chill after that exam.
• D. It's a pleasure to meet you. Your class inspired me in many ways.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because 'hang out' and 'chill' are colloquialisms, informal expressions commonly used in casual conversations. Choice A is a polite and formal way to ask for a meeting, devoid of colloquial language. Choice B is a straightforward expression of enjoyment without any colloquialisms. Choice D is a polite and formal statement that does not contain any colloquial language.

4. What is the first thing the instructions say to do to get the young girl to sleep?

• A. Give her a stuffed animal.
• B. Read her a couple of books.
• C. Rock her in her chair.
• D. Play music in her room.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Read her a couple of books.' The instructions in the extract clearly state that the first thing to do to get the young girl to sleep is to read her a couple of books. This helps her settle down for sleep. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because giving her a stuffed animal, rocking her in her chair, or playing music in her room are mentioned in the instructions but not as the first step to get her to sleep.

5. How do vaccines work?

• A. By directly killing pathogens
• B. By introducing weakened or inactive versions of pathogens to trigger an immune response
• C. By stimulating the immediate production of specific antibodies
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Vaccines work by introducing weakened or inactive versions of pathogens to trigger an immune response in the body. This exposure helps the immune system recognize and remember the pathogen, enabling a faster and more effective response upon future exposure. Vaccines do not directly kill pathogens but prepare the immune system for a potential encounter, enhancing protection. They also do not stimulate the immediate production of specific antibodies as the immune response takes time to develop upon vaccination. Choice A is incorrect because vaccines do not kill pathogens directly; they prime the immune system to recognize and respond to them. Choice C is incorrect because while vaccines lead to the production of specific antibodies, it is not immediate, as it takes time for the immune response to develop and produce these antibodies.

Similar Questions