ATI TEAS 7
ATI TEAS Science
1. What makes bone resistant to shattering?
- A. The calcium salts deposited in the bone
- B. The collagen fibers
- C. The bone marrow and network of blood vessels
- D. The intricate balance of minerals and collagen fibers
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Bone is resistant to shattering due to the intricate balance of minerals and collagen fibers. The minerals provide strength to the bone, while the collagen fibers offer flexibility. This combination ensures that bone is a robust and resilient tissue. Choice A (The calcium salts deposited in the bone) is incorrect as calcium salts alone do not provide the necessary flexibility for bone to withstand shattering. Choice B (The collagen fibers) is partially correct as collagen fibers contribute to the flexibility of bone but alone are not sufficient for resistance to shattering. Choice C (The bone marrow and network of blood vessels) is incorrect as they do not directly contribute to the physical resistance of bone to shattering.
2. Which blood component is chiefly responsible for clotting?
- A. Platelets
- B. Red blood cells
- C. Antigens
- D. Plasma cells
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Platelets. Platelets are small cell fragments in the blood that play a crucial role in clotting. When there is an injury, platelets adhere to the site and release chemicals that help form a clot to prevent excessive bleeding. Red blood cells transport oxygen, antigens are substances that trigger an immune response, and plasma cells are a type of white blood cell involved in producing antibodies, none of which are primarily responsible for clotting.
3. Which type of chemical reaction produces a salt?
- A. An oxidation reaction
- B. A neutralization reaction
- C. A synthesis reaction
- D. A decomposition reaction
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, a neutralization reaction. In a neutralization reaction, an acid and a base react to produce a salt and water. This process involves the combination of H+ ions from the acid and OH- ions from the base to form water, while the remaining ions combine to form a salt. Therefore, a neutralization reaction is the specific type of chemical reaction that produces a salt. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. An oxidation reaction involves the loss of electrons, a synthesis reaction involves the formation of a compound from simpler substances, and a decomposition reaction involves the breakdown of a compound into simpler substances. None of these reactions directly lead to the production of a salt, making them incorrect choices in this context.
4. What type of vessel carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to other tissues of the body?
- A. Veins
- B. Intestines
- C. Bronchioles
- D. Arteries
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Arteries. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to supply oxygen to the tissues and organs throughout the body. Veins, choice A, carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart, not oxygen-rich blood. Intestines, choice B, are part of the digestive system and do not play a role in carrying blood. Bronchioles, choice C, are small air passages in the lungs responsible for carrying air, not blood.
5. Which of the following is a representation of a natural pattern or occurrence that is difficult or impossible to experience directly?
- A. A theory
- B. A model
- C. A law
- D. An observation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A model is a representation of a natural pattern or occurrence that is difficult or impossible to experience directly. Models are used to simplify complex systems or phenomena to aid in understanding or making predictions about them. The other options (A, C, and D) do not specifically refer to representations of natural patterns or occurrences as models do. A theory is an explanation based on observations, experiments, and reasoning. A law is a statement that describes a consistent natural phenomenon observed to occur without exception. An observation is a direct result of perceiving something using the senses, without being a representation or abstraction of a natural pattern.
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