ATI TEAS 7
ATI TEAS Practice Science Test
1. Which muscle causes a joint to bend?
- A. Cardiac
- B. Extension
- C. Flexor
- D. Smooth
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Flexor. A flexor muscle contracts to bend a joint, such as bending the elbow or knee. Flexor muscles are responsible for flexing or bending a joint, while extensor muscles are responsible for extending or straightening a joint. Choice A, Cardiac, is incorrect as cardiac muscle is found in the heart and is responsible for pumping blood. Choice B, Extension, is incorrect as extension refers to the straightening or extending movement of a joint, which is opposite to bending. Choice D, Smooth, is incorrect as smooth muscles are involuntary muscles found in organs like the intestines and blood vessels, not directly responsible for bending joints.
2. How does the developing fetus primarily eliminate metabolic wastes?
- A. The developing fetus does not produce metabolic wastes.
- B. Fetal waste is excreted as feces, which pass into the mother's anus.
- C. Fetal waste is passed down the umbilical cord to the mother's circulatory system.
- D. Fetal waste is passed down the umbilical cord and leaves the mother's body via the vagina.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Metabolic wastes produced by the developing fetus are eliminated primarily by being passed down the umbilical cord to the mother's circulatory system. Once in the mother's blood, these wastes are then filtered and excreted by the mother's kidneys. Choice A is incorrect because the developing fetus does produce metabolic wastes. Choice B is incorrect as fetal waste does not pass into the mother's anus. Choice D is incorrect as fetal waste does not leave the mother's body via the vagina.
3. Which term is used interchangeably with negative variation?
- A. Non-correlation
- B. Direct correlation
- C. Inverse correlation
- D. Positive correlation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Inverse correlation. Negative variation is synonymous with inverse correlation, indicating that as one variable increases, the other decreases. This relationship is the opposite of positive correlation, where both variables increase or decrease together. Non-correlation and direct correlation do not convey the concept of negative variation and are not interchangeable terms in this context. Non-correlation refers to variables that are not related or associated, while direct correlation indicates that as one variable increases, the other also increases. Positive correlation describes a relationship where both variables increase together, which is the opposite of negative variation.
4. Which type of cells are found in the hair bulb and are responsible for hair growth?
- A. Basal
- B. Epidermal
- C. Epithelial
- D. Merkel
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Epithelial. The hair bulb contains actively growing epithelial cells responsible for hair growth. Basal cells are located in the basal layer of the epidermis, not specifically in the hair bulb, making choice A incorrect. Epidermal cells are part of the outer layer of the skin, so choice B is incorrect. Merkel cells are related to touch sensations in the skin, not hair growth, making choice D incorrect.
5. What is a major structure of the limbic system?
- A. Brainstem
- B. Spinal cord
- C. Hypothalamus
- D. Cerebral cortex
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is a significant structure of the limbic system responsible for regulating various functions such as emotions, autonomic functions, and hormone production. It plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and orchestrating responses to stress and emotional stimuli. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. The brainstem, although a vital part of the brain, is not a major structure of the limbic system. The spinal cord is not part of the limbic system; it is primarily involved in transmitting sensory and motor information between the brain and the rest of the body. The cerebral cortex is responsible for higher cognitive functions but is not a major structure within the limbic system.
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