Nursing Elites

1. How does the respiratory system facilitate gas exchange between air and blood?

• A. Diffusion
• B. Exhalation
• C. Inspiration
• D. Ventilation

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Diffusion.' Diffusion is the process by which gases are exchanged between air in the alveoli and blood in the capillaries. Oxygen moves from the alveoli into the blood, while carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the alveoli through diffusion. Exhalation is the process of expelling air from the lungs, inspiration is the process of inhaling air into the lungs, and ventilation refers to the overall movement of air in and out of the lungs. While these processes are essential for the respiratory system to function, they are not directly responsible for the gas exchange between air and blood, which is primarily achieved through diffusion.

2. A ball is rolling across the floor and comes to a stop on its own. What force caused the ball to stop?

• A. Gravitational force
• B. Normal force from the floor
• C. Air resistance
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The force that caused the ball to stop rolling across the floor is air resistance. As the ball moves through the air, air resistance acts in the opposite direction of its motion, gradually slowing it down until it comes to a stop. In this scenario, the ball is not in contact with the floor, so the normal force from the floor does not play a role in stopping the ball. Gravitational force acts to pull objects towards the center of the Earth and would not directly stop the ball in this situation. Therefore, air resistance is the force that opposes the motion of the rolling ball and causes it to come to a stop.

3. How many ounces are in one gallon?

• A. 64 ounces
• B. 128 ounces
• C. 100 ounces
• D. 150 ounces

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 128 ounces. One gallon is equivalent to 128 ounces. This conversion relationship is commonly used in cooking, baking, and various liquid measurements. Choice A (64 ounces) is incorrect as it represents half the amount of a gallon. Choice C (100 ounces) and Choice D (150 ounces) are also incorrect, as they do not accurately reflect the conversion of a gallon to ounces.

4. Which of the following is an example of a chemical property of matter?

• A. Boiling point
• B. Flammability
• C. Density
• D. Conductivity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Flammability is an example of a chemical property of matter because it describes how a substance reacts with oxygen in the air to produce heat and light. Chemical properties involve the ability of a substance to undergo a chemical change or reaction, such as burning. Boiling point, density, and conductivity are examples of physical properties, not chemical properties. Boiling point is the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas, density is the mass of a substance per unit volume, and conductivity is the ability to conduct electricity. Therefore, flammability best exemplifies a chemical property as it pertains to the substance's reaction with oxygen, while the other options are physical properties that describe characteristics without changing the substance's chemical composition.

5. What is 1500 milliliters in liters?

• A. 1.5 liters
• B. 0.15 liters
• C. 15 liters
• D. 0.015 liters

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To convert milliliters to liters, you need to divide by 1000 since there are 1000 milliliters in 1 liter. Therefore, 1500 milliliters divided by 1000 equals 1.5 liters, making option A the correct answer. Option B, 0.15 liters, is incorrect as it would be the conversion of 150 milliliters. Option C, 15 liters, is incorrect because it would be the conversion of 15,000 milliliters. Option D, 0.015 liters, is incorrect as it would be the conversion of 15 milliliters.

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